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Maria Luisa of Parma (Luisa Maria Teresa Anna; 9 December 1751 – 2 January 1819) was, by marriage to King Charles IV of Spain, Queen of Spain from 1788 to 1808 leading up to the Peninsular War. Her relationship with Manuel Godoy and influence over the King made her unpopular among the people and aristocrats.
Princess Maria Luisa of Bourbon-Parma (Marie Louise Pia Theresa Anna Ferdinanda Francisca Antoinette Margaret Josepha Carolina Blanche Lucia Apollonia; 17 January 1870 – 31 January 1899) was the eldest daughter of Robert I, the last reigning Duke of Parma.
- Early Life
- Pragmatic Sanction of 1830
- Reign
- Exile
- References
- External Links
Carlos was born on 29 March 1788 at the Palacio Real de Aranjuez in Aranjuez, Community of Madrid. In 1808, Napoleon captured Madrid in the Battle of Somosierra and he induced Carlos's father, Charles IV, and Carlos's older brother, Ferdinand VII, to renounce their rights to the throne of Spain. But Carlos, who was heir presumptive to his brother, ...
In May 1830, Ferdinand VII published the Pragmatic Sanction, again allowing daughters to succeed to the Spanish throne as well as sons. This decree had originally been approved by the Cortes in 1789, but it had never been officially promulgated. On 10 October 1830, Ferdinand's wife gave birth to a daughter, Isabella, who thereupon displaced her unc...
Ferdinand VII died on 29 September 1833. In Madrid, his widow declared herself regent for their daughter. On 1 October, Carlos issued a manifesto declaring his own accession to the throne. He informed the members of Maria Cristina's government that they were confirmed in their posts, and proceeded to the Portuguese-Spanish border. There, he was met...
Bourges
Having crossed to France Carlos and his family initially stopped in Bordeaux, where for few days they remained in sort of a house arrest. He was given a choice of some locations to settle at, but it is not clear whether and if yes how he responded. The present-day historian speculates that it was the prime minister, marshal Soult, who decided upon the Cher department, located in central France some 500 km from the Spanish frontier. The prefect was asked to find an appropriate location; he opt...
Act of Bourges
On May 18, 1845 La Gazette du Berri published (in Spanish, with French translations following) 4 documents: Carlos abdicated in favor of his son, Carlos Luis, while the latter accepted the hereditary claims transmitted; the papers are collectively referred to as the Act of Bourges. There are numerous motives of the abdication quoted by historians. Some are mostly personal: the 57-year-old claimant was increasing tired and tending to melancholy; his wife, diagnosed with serious respiratory and...
Last years
In July 1845, two months following his abdication, Carlos and his wife were allowed to leave Bourges. They first travelled to Gréoux-les-Bains and then to Marseille, where the government – to great relief of king Louis Philippe – issued them passports. In the autumn via Nice they arrived in Genoa and then settled for few months of 1846 in Aix-les-Bains, at that time a spa in the Kingdom of Sardinia. In early 1847 the couple visited the Duchy of Modena to attend the wedding of their middle son...
Carr, Raymond. Spain: 1808–1975(2nd ed 1982) ch 5Clarke, H. Butler (1906). Modern Spain, 1815–1898. University Press. pp. 81–217.Holt, Edgar. The Carlist Wars in Spain. Chester Springs, Pennsylvania: Dufour Editions, 1967.Moral Roncal, Antonio Manuel. Carlos V de Borbón. Madrid: Actas Editorial, 1999Media related to Infante Carlos, Count of Molinaat Wikimedia CommonsMedia related to Iconography: First Carlist Warat Wikimedia CommonsMaria Luisa of Spain (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈɾi.a ˈlwisa], 6 July 1782 – 13 March 1824) was a Spanish infanta, daughter of King Charles IV and his wife, Maria Luisa of Parma. In 1795, she married her first cousin Louis, Hereditary Prince of Parma.
This is a family portrait of María Luisa Josefa de Borbón (1782-1824) and her children, Carlos Luis and María Luisa Carlota de Borbón-Parma, painted during the time that María Luisa was regent of Etruria following the death of her husband, Louis I.
Mengs painted these portraits of the heirs to the Spanish throne -the prince and princess of Asturias, Carlos de Borbón and Maria Luisa of Parma- on the occasion of their wedding.
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Early life. She was the youngest daughter of Philip, Duke of Parma, the fourth son of Philip V of Spain, and Louise Élisabeth of France, the eldest daughter of King Louis XV and his Polish-born wife, Queen Marie Leczinska.
