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What types of nitrogenous waste is excreted by different species?
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Oct 31, 2023 · Nitrogenous wastes in the body tend to form toxic ammonia, which must be excreted. Mammals such as humans excrete urea, while birds, reptiles, and some terrestrial invertebrates produce uric acid as waste. Uricothelic organisms tend to excrete uric acid waste in the form of a white paste or powder.
- 3.5: Nitrogenous Wastes
Nitrogenous Waste in Terrestrial Animals: The Urea Cycle....
- 3.5: Nitrogenous Wastes
- Excretion of Nitrogenous Waste
- Nitrogenous Waste in Birds and Reptiles: Uric Acid
- Gout
- Summary
The theory of evolution proposes that life started in an aquatic environment. It is not surprising to see that biochemical pathways like the urea cycle evolved to adapt to a changing environment when terrestrial life forms evolved. Arid conditions probably led to the evolution of the uric acid pathway as a means of conserving water.
Birds, reptiles, and most terrestrial arthropods convert toxic ammonia to uric acidor the closely related compound guanine (guano) instead of urea. Mammals also form some uric acid during breakdown of nucleic acids. Uric acid is a compound similar to purines found in nucleic acids. It is water insoluble and tends to form a white paste or powder; it...
Mammals use uric acid crystals as an antioxidant in their cells. However, too much uric acid tends to form kidney stones and may also cause a painful condition called gout, where uric acid crystals accumulate in the joints, as illustrated in Figure 22.14. Food choices that reduce the amount of nitrogenous bases in the diet help reduce the risk of g...
Ammonia is the waste produced by metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds like proteins and nucleic acids. While aquatic animals can easily excrete ammonia into their watery surroundings, terrestrial animals have evolved special mechanisms to eliminate the toxic ammonia from their systems. Urea is the major byproduct of ammonia metabolism in mam...
- Charles Molnar, Jane Gair
- 2015
Jun 16, 2020 · Nitrogenous Waste in Terrestrial Animals: The Urea Cycle. The urea cycle is the primary mechanism by which mammals convert ammonia to urea. Urea is made in the liver and excreted in urine. The overall chemical reaction by which ammonia is converted to urea is 2 NH 3 (ammonia) + CO 2 + 3 ATP + H 2 O → H 2 N-CO-NH 2 (urea) + 2 ADP + 4 P i + AMP.
Figure 41.13 Nitrogenous waste is excreted in different forms by different species. These include (a) ammonia, (b) urea, and (c) uric acid.
The figure illustrates how nitrogenous waste is excreted in different forms by different species. These include (a) ammonia, (b) urea, and (c) uric acid. (credit a: modification of work by Eric Engbretson, USFWS; credit b: modification of work by B. “Moose” Peterson, USFWS; credit c: modification of work by Dave Menke, USFWS)
Figure 11.13 Nitrogenous waste is excreted in different forms by different species.
Figure 32.14 Nitrogenous waste is excreted in different forms by different species. These include (a) ammonia, (b) urea, and (c) uric acid.
![[Solved] b) All animals must solve the problem of nitrogen waste ...](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7 "[Solved] b) All animals must solve the problem of nitrogen waste ...")
