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What are the essential functions of DNA?
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The DNA structure defines the basic genetic makeup of our body. In fact, it defines the genetic makeup of nearly all life on earth. Table of Contents. What is DNA? Discovery; Diagram; DNA Structure; Chargaff’s Rule; DNA Replication; Function of DNA; Why DNA is called a Polynucleotide Molecule?
- 9 min
- DNA Definition
- Functions of DNA
- Structure of DNA
- Discovery of DNA
- Quiz
Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is a biological macromolecule that carries hereditary information in many organisms. DNA is necessary for the production of proteins, the regulation, metabolism, and reproduction of the cell. Large compressed DNA molecules with associated proteins, called chromatin, are mostly present inside the nucleus. Some cytoplas...
DNA was isolated and discovered chemically before its functions became clear. DNA and its related molecule, ribonucleic acid (RNA), were initially identified simply as acidic molecules that were present in the nucleus. When Mendel’s experiments on genetics were rediscovered, it became clear that heredity was probably transmitted through discrete pa...
When its definitive role in heredity was established, understanding DNA’s structure became important. Previous work on protein crystals guided the interpretation of crystallization and X-Ray differaction of DNA. The correct interpretation of diffraction data started a new era in understanding and manipulating genetic material. While initially, scie...
As microscopes started to become more sophisticated and provide greater magnification, the role of the nucleus in cell division became fairly clear. On the other hand, there was the common understanding of heredity as the ‘mixing’ of maternal and paternal characteristics, since the fusion of two nuclei during fertilization had been observed. Howeve...
1. Which of these statements about DNA is NOT true? A. In eukaryotes, DNA is present exclusively in the nucleus B. DNA is the genetic material for some viruses C. DNA replication is semi-conservative D.None of the above 2. Which of these scientists designed an experiment to show that DNA replication was semi-conservative? A. Meselson B. James Watso...
Aug 3, 2023 · Functions of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) DNA stores complete genetic information that requires to specify an organism. It is the source of information that is needed in order to synthesize cellular proteins, and other macromolecules required by an organism. It is responsible for identifying and determining the individuality of the given organism.
- Rajat Thapa
4 days ago · DNA, organic chemical of complex molecular structure found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It codes genetic information for the transmission of inherited traits. The structure of DNA was described in 1953, leading to further understanding of DNA replication and hereditary control of cellular activities.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is an organic chemical that contains genetic information and instructions for protein synthesis. It is found in most ce...
- DNA is made of nucleotides. A nucleotide has two components: a backbone, made from the sugar deoxyribose and phosphate groups, and nitrogenous base...
- The discovery of DNA’s double-helix structure is credited to the researchers James Watson and Francis Crick, who, with fellow researcher Maurice Wi...
- Gene editing today is mostly done through a technique called Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), adopted from a bac...
- DNA is the master blueprint for life and constitutes the genetic material in all free-living organisms. RNA uses DNA to code for the structure of p...
Dec 21, 2023 · In short, DNA is a long molecule that contains each person’s unique genetic code. It holds the instructions for building the proteins essential for the body’s function.
All the functions of DNA depend on interactions with proteins. These protein interactions can be non-specific, or the protein can bind specifically to a single DNA sequence. Enzymes can also bind to DNA and of these, the polymerases that copy the DNA base sequence in transcription and DNA replication are particularly important.
