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Need not be "error-free" in all cases
- Actually, "error free" need not be "error-free" in all cases. The British, especially sources such as the Guardian, prefer "error free" to the latter.
english.stackexchange.com/questions/528401/this-program-is-error-free-or-error-freeamerican english - This program is error free. Or error-free ...
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Are there any error-free programs?
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Should 'error free' be 'error-free'?
Can a non-trivial program be error free?
Jun 15, 2020 · This computer program is error free. ... and why? Are, perhaps, both correct? If so, is there any difference in the meaning? (Aside: we do not speak about "an error { |-}free program" or "a program free of errors" here. The post-position of "whatever { |-}free" is intentional.) american-english. hyphenation. open-vs-closed-vs-hyphenated. Share.
May 21, 2021 · Here are some ways to minimize the impact of errors without getting stuck or slowed down by the needless pursuit of perfection. Accept That Software Isn't Perfect
- Brian Rue
Mar 16, 2016 · In reality a fault-free program still can cause problems and might require bugfixes. The program can be 100% validated to get only expected results, but you can't expect all the possible results in a real environment, nevertheless some of these results remain more desirable than others.
- Overview
- Use exceptions for exceptional code
- Basic guidelines
- Exceptions and performance
- Exceptions versus assertions
- C++ exceptions versus Windows SEH exceptions
- Exception specifications and noexcept
- See also
In modern C++, in most scenarios, the preferred way to report and handle both logic errors and runtime errors is to use exceptions. It's especially true when the stack might contain several function calls between the function that detects the error, and the function that has the context to handle the error. Exceptions provide a formal, well-defined...
Program errors are often divided into two categories: Logic errors that are caused by programming mistakes, for example, an "index out of range" error. And, runtime errors that are beyond the control of programmer, for example, a "network service unavailable" error. In C-style programming and in COM, error reporting is managed either by returning a value that represents an error code or a status code for a particular function, or by setting a global variable that the caller may optionally retrieve after every function call to see whether errors were reported. For example, COM programming uses the HRESULT return value to communicate errors to the caller. And the Win32 API has the GetLastError function to retrieve the last error that was reported by the call stack. In both of these cases, it's up to the caller to recognize the code and respond to it appropriately. If the caller doesn't explicitly handle the error code, the program might crash without warning. Or, it might continue to execute using bad data and produce incorrect results.
Exceptions are preferred in modern C++ for the following reasons:
•An exception forces calling code to recognize an error condition and handle it. Unhandled exceptions stop program execution.
•An exception jumps to the point in the call stack that can handle the error. Intermediate functions can let the exception propagate. They don't have to coordinate with other layers.
•The exception stack-unwinding mechanism destroys all objects in scope after an exception is thrown, according to well-defined rules.
•An exception enables a clean separation between the code that detects the error and the code that handles the error.
Robust error handling is challenging in any programming language. Although exceptions provide several features that support good error handling, they can't do all the work for you. To realize the benefits of the exception mechanism, keep exceptions in mind as you design your code.
•Use asserts to check for errors that should never occur. Use exceptions to check for errors that might occur, for example, errors in input validation on parameters of public functions. For more information, see the Exceptions versus assertions section.
•Use exceptions when the code that handles the error is separated from the code that detects the error by one or more intervening function calls. Consider whether to use error codes instead in performance-critical loops, when code that handles the error is tightly coupled to the code that detects it.
•For every function that might throw or propagate an exception, provide one of the three exception guarantees: the strong guarantee, the basic guarantee, or the nothrow (noexcept) guarantee. For more information, see How to: Design for exception safety.
•Throw exceptions by value, catch them by reference. Don't catch what you can't handle.
•Don't use exception specifications, which are deprecated in C++11. For more information, see the Exception specifications and noexcept section.
The exception mechanism has a minimal performance cost if no exception is thrown. If an exception is thrown, the cost of the stack traversal and unwinding is roughly comparable to the cost of a function call. Additional data structures are required to track the call stack after a try block is entered, and additional instructions are required to unw...
Exceptions and asserts are two distinct mechanisms for detecting run-time errors in a program. Use assert statements to test for conditions during development that should never be true if all your code is correct. There's no point in handling such an error by using an exception, because the error indicates that something in the code has to be fixed...
Both C and C++ programs can use the structured exception handling (SEH) mechanism in the Windows operating system. The concepts in SEH resemble the ones in C++ exceptions, except that SEH uses the __try, __except, and __finally constructs instead of try and catch. In the Microsoft C++ compiler (MSVC), C++ exceptions are implemented for SEH. However, when you write C++ code, use the C++ exception syntax.
For more information about SEH, see Structured Exception Handling (C/C++).
Exception specifications were introduced in C++ as a way to specify the exceptions that a function might throw. However, exception specifications proved problematic in practice, and are deprecated in the C++11 draft standard. We recommend that you don't use throw exception specifications except for throw(), which indicates that the function allows ...
How to: Interface between exceptional and non-exceptional code
C++ language reference
Jan 8, 2024 · What are the best practices for designing robust, error-free software? Powered by AI and the LinkedIn community. 1. Understand the requirements. 2. Choose an appropriate architecture. 3. Design...
I think, technically speaking, that you could write a error free non-trivial program, but due to the Halting Problem it’s impossible prove that it’s error free. So, one must work under the assumption that all programs have bugs since it’s impossible to prove otherwise.
Oct 20, 2019 · The importance of proofreading your writing, plus key proofreading tips that show you how to proofread and make sure your writing is error-free. What is proofreading? To proofread a document is to carefully read it to find any errors in spelling, punctuation, or grammar, so they can be corrected ...
