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Kolozsvár (románul 1974-ig Cluj, ma Cluj-Napoca, németül: Klausenburg, néha Clausenburg, latinul: Claudiopolis, szászul Kleusenburch, jiddisül: קלויזנבורג, Klojznburg) Románia második legnépesebb városa, Kolozs megye székhelye.
Cluj-Napoca (Romanian: [ˈkluʒ naˈpoka] ⓘ), or simply Cluj (Hungarian: Kolozsvár [ˈkoloʒvaːr] ⓘ, German: Klausenburg), is the second-most populous city in Romania and the seat of Cluj County in the northwestern part of the country.
- History
- Life in The Ghetto
- Deportation
- After The War
- External Links
Hungarian Prime Minister Miklós Kállay, who had been in office from 1942, had the knowledge and the approval of Hungarian Regent Miklós Horthyto seek secretly at negotiating a separate peace with the Allies in early 1944. Hitler wanted to prevent the Hungarians from turning against Germany. On 12 March 1944, German troops received orders by Hitler ...
The Jews were concentrated in the Iris brickyard, in the northern part of the city. This area consisted mostly of shacks used for drying bricks and tiles. The ghetto had practically no facilities for the approximately eighteen thousand Jews who were assembled there from Kolozsvár and the surrounding Kolozs County. The concentration of the Jews has ...
The Kolozsvár Ghetto was liquidated in six transports to Auschwitz (now Oświęcim, Poland), with the first deportation occurring on 25 May, and the last on 9 June. Altogether 16,148 inhabitants of the ghetto were deported. Upon arrival, 75% of them were sent to the gas chambers. The remaining were subjected to disease and starvation.
Following the liberation of the Auschwitz concentration camp in January 1945, only a small portion of survivors ended up returning to Cluj. In June 1945, the Jewish population of Cluj was approximately 1,000.
Solomovici, Tesu (October 22, 2005). "135 de mii de evrei uciși în Transilvania de Nord" [135,000 Jews killed in Northern Transylvania]. Ziua (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 2007-10-11...Cluj-Napoca, Romania at JewishGenChant, Christopher (September 1, 2020). "Operation Margarethe I".The anti-communist and anti-soviet revolution in Hungary was welcomed in Kolozsvár, which still had a Hungarian majority. The threat of a possible uprising gave an excuse for the Romanian authorities to merge the Hungarian Bolyai University with the Romanian Babeș University.
Kolozs County was an administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary, of the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom and of the Principality of Transylvania. Its territory is now in north-western Romania (north-western Transylvania). The capital of the county was Kolozsvár (present-day Cluj-Napoca).
As capital of Transylvania and the seat of the Transylvanian diets, Kolozsvar from 1830 to 1848 became the centre of the Hungarian national movement in the grand principality; and in December 1848 it was taken and garrisoned by the Hungarians under General Bern.
Cluj-Napoca, city, capital of Cluj județ (county), northwestern Romania. The historic capital of Transylvania, it is approximately 200 mi (320 km) northwest of Bucharest in the Someșul Mic River valley.
