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Multiple independent audio channels
- Stereophonic sound or stereo sound is a type of sound reproduction that uses multiple independent audio channels. Utilizing two audio channels or more creates the illusion of 3D sound to the human ear, giving stereophonic sound a characteristically wide, rich sound.
emastered.com/blog/stereophonic-soundStereophonic Sound: All You Need to Know About It - eMastered
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Stereophonic sound, or more commonly stereo, is a method of sound reproduction that recreates a multi-directional, 3-dimensional audible perspective. This is usually achieved by using two independent audio channels through a configuration of two loudspeakers (or stereo headphones ) in such a way as to create the impression of sound heard from ...
Sep 17, 2023 · Stereophonic sound or stereo sound is a type of sound reproduction that uses multiple independent audio channels. Utilizing two audio channels or more creates the illusion of 3D sound to the human ear, giving stereophonic sound a characteristically wide, rich sound.
Jul 30, 2018 · Stereophonic or stereo sound is by far the most common way we hear recorded music today. It is used on most CDs, radio programs, movies, television shows, and music downloads. It refers to the use of two or more recordings played simultaneously in order to achieve a more realistic and pleasing sound.
- Description
- Recording Methods
- Binaural Recording
- Playback
- Vinyl Records
- Broadcasting
- History
- Common Usage
- Balance
- References
The word “stereophonic” — derived from Greek stereos = “solid” and phōnē = “sound” — was coined by Western Electric, by analogy with the word “stereoscopic”. In popular usage, stereo usually means 2-channel sound recording and sound reproduction using data for more than one speaker simultaneously. In technical usage, stereo or stereophony means sou...
X-Y technique: intensity stereophony
Here, two directional microphones at the same place, and typically pointing at an angle 90° or more to each other — see also “The Stereophonic Zoom” by Michael Williams. A stereo effect is achieved through differences in sound pressure level between two microphones. The level difference of 18 dB (16 to 20 dB) is needed for hearing the direction of a loudspeaker. Due to the lack of differences in time-of-arrival / phase-ambiguities, the sonic characteristic of X-Y recordings has less sense of...
A-B technique: time-of-arrival stereophony
This uses two parallel omnidirectional microphones some distance apart, so capturing time-of-arrival stereo information as well as some level (amplitude) difference information, especially if employed in close proximity to the sound source(s). At a distance of about 60 cm (0.6 m) the time delay (time of arrival difference) for a signal reaching first one and then the other microphone from the side is approximately 1.5 msec (1 to 2 msec). According to Eberhard Sengpiel this is enough to locate...
M/S technique: Mid/Side stereophony
This coincident technique employs a bidirectional microphone facing sideways and another microphone (generally a variety of cardioid, although Alan Blumlein described the usage of an omnidirectional transducer in his original patent) at an angle of 90° facing the sound source. The left and right channels are produced through a simple matrix: Left = Mid + Side, Right = Mid – Side (the polarity-reversed side-signal). This configuration produces a completely mono-compatible signal, and if the Mi...
Engineers make a technical distinction between “binaural” and “stereophonic” recording. Of these, binaural recording is more like stereoscopic photography. In binaural recording, a pair of microphones is put inside a model of a human head which includes external ears and ear canals. Each microphone is where the eardrum would be. The recording is th...
Stereophonic sound attempts to create an illusion of location for various instruments within the original recording. The recording engineer’s goal is usually to create a stereo “image” with localization information. When a stereophonic recording is heard through loudspeaker systems rather than headphones, each ear of course hears sound from both sp...
In 1958 the first group of stereo two-channel records were issued – by Audio Fidelity in the USA and Pye in Britain, using the Westrex “45/45” single-groove system. While the stylus moves horizontally when reproducing a monophonic disk recording, on stereo records the stylus moves vertically as well as horizontally. One could envision a system in w...
Radio
In FM broadcasting, the Zenith-GE pilot-tone stereo system is used throughout the world. Because of the limited audio quality of the majority of AM receivers, and because of the relative scarcity of AM stereo receivers, relatively few stations employ stereo. Various modulation schemes are used for AM stereo, of which the best-known is Motorola’s C-QUAM which is the official method for most countries in the world which decide to use AM Stereo. More AM stations are adopting digital HD Radio whi...
Television
For Analog TV (PAL and NTSC), various modulation schemes are used in different parts of the world to broadcast more than one sound channel. These are sometimes used to provide two mono sound channels in different languages rather than stereo. Multichannel television sound is used mainly in the Americas. NICAM is widely used in Europe (except in Germany, where Zweikanalton is used). The EIAJ FM/FM subcarrier system is used in Japan. For Digital TV, MP2 audio streams are widely used within MPEG...
In common usage, a “stereo” is a two-channel sound reproduction system, and a “stereo recording” is a two-channel recording. This is a cause for much confusion, since five- (or more) -channel home theater systems are not popularly described as “stereo”. It is thus worth noting that most film soundtracks are not recorded using stereo techniques, so ...
Balance can mean the amount of signal from each channel reproduced in a stereo audio recording. Typically, a balance control will have 0 dB of gain in the center position for both channels, and attenuate one channel as the control is turned, leaving the other channel at 0 dB.
For example, three of the five nominees for the Academy Award for Best Picture of 1955 had multichannel sound; likewise, three of the five nominees for 1956 did.Hyperprism Manipulation Process – Quasi stereoWhat is stereo and how does it work? Stereophonic sound explained including Mid/Side, Mono, Sum, Difference, Panning, and Widening.
stereophonic sound system, equipment for sound recording and reproduction that utilizes two or more independent channels of information. Separate microphones are used in recording and separate speakers in reproduction; they are arranged to produce a sense of recording-hall acoustics and of the location of instruments within an orchestra.
Stereophonic sound, or more commonly stereo, is a method of sound reproduction that recreates a multi-directional, 3-dimensional audible perspective.
