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foreign minister (1953-1960), Saudi Arabia. Notable Family Members: father Ibn Saud. brother Saud. Faisal of Saudi Arabia (born c. 1906, Riyadh, Arabia [now in Saudi Arabia]—died March 25, 1975, Riyadh) was the king of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975, an influential figure of the Arab world known for his statecraft at home and his ...
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- The Wahhābī Movement
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He was the Saudi foreign minister from 1930 and prime minister from 1954 until his death, except for a two-year break in both positions from 1960 to 1962. After his father died in 1953 and his half-brother Saud became king, Faisal became crown prince, and in that position he outlawed slavery in Saudi Arabia.
Jul 20, 2023 · After deposing his brother Saud in 1964, King Faisal ruled Saudi Arabia until 1975. In that decade, Saudi Arabia became much wealthier. Meanwhile, Arab nationalist states, particularly Egypt and Syria, had twice been defeated by Israel. As a result, Saudi Arabia became much more important internationally, and its religious ideology provided a ...
5 days ago · Saudi Arabia - Faysal's Legacy, Reforms, Oil: In 1865, when his power was an acknowledged factor in Arabian politics, Faisal died. His sons disputed the succession. His eldest son, Abdullah, succeeded first, maintaining himself against the rebellion of his brother Saud II for six years until the Battle of Jūdah (1871), in which Saud triumphed. Abdullah fled, and Saud took power. But during the next five years the throne changed hands no fewer than seven times in favour of different members ...
- Son of A National Hero
- Wahhabism: Saudi Fundamentalism
- Learns to Deal with The Wider World
- Established Uneasy Relationship with United States
- From Diplomat to King in Waiting
- Arab Leader
- The Oil King
- The Oil Crisis in The United States
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Faisal's family has long-standing claims to power in the Middle East. From the time that the Islamic religion spread throughout the Middle East in the seventh century ce, numerous tribal chiefs, or sheikhs, had vied for power in the largelydesert lands that make up present-day Saudi Arabia. In the middle of the eighteenth century one powerful sheik...
The Saudi royal family follows a branch of Islam known as Wahhabism, which makes their country one of the most conservative of the Islamic nations. Wahhabism is named after its founder, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. Al-Wahhab and his followers preached a fundamentalist version of Islam: he wanted Muslims to revere only the Prophet Muhammad and to fol...
The Saudis were not directly involved in the battles of World War I (1914–18; war in which Great Britain, France, the United States, and their allies defeated Germany, Austria–Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and their allies), but they were deeply influenced by the outcome. By war's end the Ottoman Empire had collapsed, and the British and French now ...
Saudi Arabia was not a wealthy country at the start of the 1930s. Most of the Kingdom's wealth came from fees paid by Muslims visiting the holy shrines in Mecca and Medina, and from a tax paid by every citizen. But when geologists discovered oil in 1932 this picture changed dramatically. Representatives from Great Britain and the United States both...
Faisal was named his country's ambassador to the United Nationswhen it was created in 1945, and he worked hard to represent Saudi Arabia in the issues that faced that world political organization. He became widely respected for the reasonable way he presented Arab objections to the existence of Israel. Faisal also played an important role within Sa...
As king, Faisal was finally able to enact his ideas for governing the kingdom. He settled a long-simmering conflict with Egypt over its attempt to overthrow the government of Yemen, which lay to the south of Saudi Arabia. He also began a program of social and economic reforms. He encouraged public education through the state-run newspapers, radio, ...
Faisal's most notable achievement as an Arab leader came with his use of OPEC as a bargaining tool with the West. Ever since Western oil companies had begun drilling oil from beneath Arab states, the Western companies had controlled the amount and price of oil. Faisal and his oil minister, Ahmed Zaki Yamani (1930–), believed that it was time for th...
Before 1973, consumers in the United States took oil for granted. They rarely worried about how much gasoline cost or how many miles-per-gallon their cars consumed. The Arab oil embargo of 1973, and the oil crisis that followed, forever changed Americans' untroubled relationship to oil, and to Saudi Arabia. When Saudi Arabia and other countries cut...
Books
Beling, Willard A., editor. King Faisal and the Modernization of Saudi Arabia.Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1980. Holden, David. The House of Saud: The Rise and Rule of the Most Powerful Dynasty in the Arab World. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1982. Sheean, Vincent. Faisal: The King and His Kingdom.Tavistock, UK: University Press of Arabia, 1975. Stefoff, Rebecca. Faisal. New York: Chelsea House, 1989.
Periodicals
"Faisal and Oil." Time(January 6, 1975). Available online at http://www.time.com/time/personoftheyear/archive/stories/1974.html (accessed on December 13, 2004).
Web Sites
King Faisal Foundation.http://www.kff.com/english/homepage/index1024.html (accessed on July 7, 2005). "Modern History." Profile of Saudi Arabia.http://www.saudiembassy.org.uk/profile-of-saudia-arabia/history/modern-history.htm (accessed on July 7, 2005).
3 days ago · Saudi Arabia - Wahhabi, Islam, Arabian Peninsula: As the population of the oasis towns of central Arabia such as ʿUyaynah slowly grew from the 16th to the early 18th century, the ʿulamāʾ (religious scholars) residing there increased in number and sophistication. Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb, the founder of the Wahhābī movement, was born in ʿUyaynah in 1703 to a family of religious judges and scholars and as a young man traveled widely in other regions of the Middle East. It was ...
After his return to Arabia, Faisal helped his father build the nation, which became the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932. This exhibition, which commemorated the centenary of Faisal's first journey to Europe, took place in the Nash Room at 116 Pall Mall in London between 20 December 2019 and 10 January 2020. Tracing his journey through seven ...
