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Sultan's wives
- Sultana is also used for sultan's wives. Between 1914 and 1922, monarchs of the Muhammad Ali Dynasty used the title of Sultan of Egypt, and their wives were legally styled as sultanas.
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In political affairs, Shajar al-Durr played a crucial role after the death of her first husband during the Seventh Crusade against Egypt (1249–1250 AD). She became the sultana of Egypt on 2 May 1250, marking the end of the Ayyubid reign and the start of the Mamluk era. [5] [6] [7] [8]
- Early Life
- Marriage to Al-Salih Ayyub
- Crusades
- Shajara al-Durr as Sultana
- Beginning of The End
- Death
Due to a lack of sources, Shajara al-Durr's date of birth is uncertain; however, some historians speculate that she may have been born not long before 1230 CE, most likely in modern-day Armenia. According to author Emily Fu, "She originally hailed from the Qipchaq (Kipchak) people of the steppes of what is today southern Russia where she was enslav...
Shajara developed an affectionate relationship with al-Salih, and slowly she rose to become his favorite concubine. He granted her the title, Shajara al-Durr, which means "tree of pearls." She even gave birth to a son, but unfortunately, like many children at the time, he died in infancy. At the time, a concubine secured her position by providing h...
Once al-Salih was back in control, nine turbulent years followed. During this time, al-Salih may have tried to expand the boundaries of his empire. One source claims that he turned his sights to Syria. In hopes of conquering new territory, he marched his army to Syria, leaving Shajara al-Durr to act as regent in his absence. Al-Salih must have had ...
Once the threat of the Crusaders had subsided, and the news of the king's death began to spread, Shajara al-Durr and her Mamluk advisors invited Turan Shah, her husband's heir, to take the throne. Turan Shah traveled back from Diyarbakir (now in Turkey), and with his wife by his side, they took control of the sultanate. Turan Shah quickly started m...
While Aybak was the figurehead that represented the Sultanate of Egypt, the true authority remained Shajara al-Durr. The power of decision-making and administrative matters were all handled by Shajara, but Aybak wanted more than the minor role he was forced to play, even quarreling with his wife about the treasure al-Salih had left behind. Many bel...
In the end, Aybak did get his wish; his 15-year-old son, Al-Mansur Ali (r. 1257-1259), took power with the help of the Mamluks. Aybak's assassination diminished Shajara al-Durr's status as she lost the respect of her supporters. Like Mary, Queen of Scots (r. 1542-1567), who may also have had a hand in her husband's murder and was forced to abdicate...
Shajarat al-Durr ruled as sultana for almost three months, until criticism in the rest of the Islamic world put pressure on Egypt to have her unseated (removed from the throne). It was a new thing for a woman to rule in Muslim countries.
Feb 18, 2022 · Ascension to the throne was child’s play for the newly crowned Sultana. As widow of the king and mother of Khalil (Umm Khalil), Shajarat al-Dur assumed sovereignty of Egypt—much to the chagrin of men in power. She was considered the next legitimate heir, and the new womb of the Ayyubid crown.
Sultana or sultanah (/ sʌlˈtɑːnə /; Arabic: سلطانة sulṭāna) is a female royal title, and the feminine form of the word sultan. This term has been officially used for female monarchs in some Islamic states, and historically it was also used for sultan's consorts.
Sultan of Egypt was the status held by the rulers of Egypt after the establishment of the Ayyubid dynasty of Saladin in 1174 until the Ottoman conquest of Egypt in 1517.
Shajarat al-Durrr was an Egyptian Sultana whose reign saw the end of the Ayyubid and beginning of the Mamluk Dynasty. She began her life at court as a Turkish slave and favorite concubine of Ayyubid Sultan, al-Salih Najm al-Din Ayyub before he became a sultan.
