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12th century
- The earliest written mention of the town dates back to the 12th century, when Saxo Grammaticus in Gesta Danorum refers to it as Portus Mercatorum, which translates into Merchants' Harbour or in the Danish of the time Købmannahavn.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Copenhagen
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The history of Copenhagen dates back to the first settlement at the site in the 11th century. From the middle of the 12th century it grew in importance after coming into the possession of Bishop Absalon, and the city was fortified with a stone wall during the 13th century.
3 days ago · In 1167 Bishop Absalon of Roskilde built a castle on an islet off the coast and fortified the town with ramparts and a moat. In 1445 Copenhagen was made the capital of Denmark and the residence of the royal family. In the civil and religious conflicts of the Protestant Reformation, the town was often sacked.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
In 1186, a letter from Pope Urban III states that the castle of Hafn (Copenhagen) and its surrounding lands, including the town of Hafn, were given to Absalon, Bishop of Roskilde (1158–1191) and Archbishop of Lund (1177–1201), by King Valdemar I.
The Origins of Copenhagen. Dating back to 12,000 BC, the first settlements on the island of Zealand emerged as the period of glaciation ended, making the territory habitable again. Several urban centers were established in the area, setting the stage for the founding of Copenhagen.
- A Viking Area
- The Bishop's Town
- The Kalmar Union
- The King Takes Over Copenhagen
- Copenhagen - Nordic Trading Centre
- Kristian IV 1577-1648
- The pagues of Modern Times
- The 19th and 20th Century
The Copenhagen region is a Viking area. Over a period of 300 years, from 750 to 1050, the Vikings set sails for the then far-away countries like Greenland, North Africa, the Caspian Sea and North America. Copenhagen was an important outpost from where the Vikings set out on their voyages in Europe and the rest of the world. As well as dramatically ...
If we go back a thousand years, Copenhagen was still a humble town with a small trading centre where salted herring was sold and crossings to Scania were operated. In 1160 the Arch Bishop Absalon becomes an influential adviser to the king, Valdemar the Great. In the years that follow, the town grows tenfold in size, numerous churches and abbeys are...
Queen Margrethe l (1353-1412) was the most powerful woman in Europe during her reign 1387-1412. By marrying the Norwegian king, Hakon Magnusson, she became sovereign not only of Denmark but Sweden and Norway as well. And it was she who set the scene for the founding of the Northern Alliance, formalised as the Kalmar Union in 1397. After her son, th...
The geographic position of Copenhagen with the approach to the Baltic Sea and the wealthy northern German trading towns of the Hanseatic League, was very important. It provided Copenhagen with power and wealth, but it also meant threat and vulnerability. Over and over again the town was besieged and laid waste by the German traders. For a few years...
Despite centuries of power struggles and warring the town grows increasingly rich. The Copenhageners do a brisk trade with friend and enemy alike. Foreign merchants come to the town. Craft guilds are established and a university is founded in 1478. By the time of Christian IV's coronation in 1596 Copenhagen is a wealthy and powerful city. Following...
Kristian IV became king of Denmark and Norway already at the age of 11. During his reign 1588-1648 he lost parts of his kingdom to the Swedish crown. But despite this, Denmark became a prosperous country during his reign. Kristian IV founded a couple of cities, among them Kristiania, today's Oslo, the capital of Norway. He also established the firs...
In the 18th century a serie of disasters stroke Copenhagen: first was the plague in 1711, then two fires ravaged the town in 1728 and 1795. The first fire started in a candle maker´s shop in Nørreport and destroyed 1,700 houses, the town hall and the university included. The circumstances around the big fire in 1795 were pitiable. The firemen could...
The 19th century begun with a great Battle of Copenhagen with the British navy in 1801, and the battle of 1807, when the enemy severely bombed the city. The "Kastellet" fortification turned out to be useless, so soon this kind of defence-lines were abandoned and ramparts of the city were open, allowing new housing to be built around the lakes. Afte...
In the years 1160-67 Bishop Absalon built a citadel near Christiansborg Castle to protect the city. This was the first step to found the Danish capital Copenhagen. Today the remains of the original Copenhagen castle under Christiansborg can be seen by visitors.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Copenhagen, Denmark. Prior to 17th century. 1167 – Absalon's Castle founded. 1238 – Franciscan monastery founded. 1254 – Copenhagen receives city charter. 1294 – Wednesdays and Saturdays designated market days. [1] 1296 – House of the Holy Ghost founded. 1388 – Church of Our Lady rebuilt.
