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    • 60 Years Ago: Soviets Select Their First Cosmonauts - NASA
      • Cosmonaut training began March 15, 1960, at the nearby Frunze airfield. In addition to theoretical classroom work, the cosmonauts received familiarization with spacecraft systems, and participated in physical training, parachute jumps, and experienced g-forces in a centrifuge and short-term weightlessness during parabolic aircraft flights.
      www.nasa.gov/history/60-years-ago-soviets-select-their-first-cosmonauts/
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  2. Feb 25, 2020 · On May 30, 1960, Soviet managers selected six from among the 20 cosmonauts in training for in-depth preparations for upcoming Vostok space missions. That group included Gagarin, Kartashov, Nikolayev, Popovich, Titov and Varlamov.

  3. The Soviet program was also responsible for leading the first interplanetary probes to Venus and Mars and made successful soft landings on these planets in the 1960s and 1970s. It put the first space station , Salyut 1 , into low Earth orbit in 1971, and the first modular space station, Mir , in 1986. [6]

  4. According to the NASA NSSDC Master Catalog, Korabl Sputnik 1, designated at the time 1KP or Vostok 1P, did launch on May 15, 1960 (one year before Gagarin). It was a prototype of the later Zenit and Vostok launch vehicles .

  5. List of cosmonauts. The first eleven Soviet cosmonauts, July 1965. Back row, left to right: Leonov, Titov, Bykovsky, Yegorov, Popovich; front row: Komarov, Gagarin, Tereshkova, Nikolayev, Feoktistov, Belyayev. All were awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union, worn on the left breast and the Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR decoration, worn on the right.

  6. Vostok 3KA spacecraft carried Yuri Gagarin and other Vostok cosmonauts into space in the early 1960s. This vehicle had a upper stage that lifted the spherical craft above Earth's atmosphere. The spacecraft also had a conical equipment module at its base that carried oxygen and fuel.

  7. Jan 28, 2018 · In 1960, a Soviet rocket ignited on the launching pad, killing at least 78 of the ground crew. In 1961, just before Gagarin’s space flight, a Soviet cosmonaut was killed when a devastating fire erupted inside an oxygen-rich training capsule. In 1967, another cosmonaut was killed when the parachute on his space capsule failed to open. Gagarin ...