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- Although autonomous for much of its history, Palmyra came under Roman control by the time of the emperor Tiberius (reigned 14–37 ce). After visiting the city (c. 129), the emperor Hadrian declared it a civitas libera (“free city”), and it was later granted by the emperor Caracalla the title of colonia, with exemption from taxes.
www.britannica.com/place/Palmyra-Syria
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Toward the end of the second century, Palmyra began a steady transition from a traditional Greek city-state to a monarchy due to the increasing militarization of the city and the deteriorating economic situation; [234] the Severan ascension to the imperial throne in Rome played a major role in Palmyra's transition: [232]
Sep 4, 2024 · Palmyra, ancient city in south-central Syria, 130 miles (210 km) northeast of Damascus. The name Palmyra, meaning “city of palm trees,” was conferred upon the city by its Roman rulers in the 1st century ce; Tadmur, Tadmor, or Tudmur, the pre-Semitic name of the site, is also still in use.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Jan 12, 2018 · Palmyra is an archaeological site in Syria. Founded in the third millennium B.C. as the settlement of Tadmor, it became a major trading post on the Silk Road.
Mar 28, 2016 · The site is a UNESCO World Heritage site that has been a focus of international attention since May of last year, when the Islamic State (ISIS) seized the territory around the ancient ruins.
Aug 30, 2023 · Initially an independent city-state, Palmyra became a Roman client state around the mid-1st century AD. Its loyalty and strategic importance ensured that it enjoyed a certain degree of autonomy and privileges under Roman suzerainty.
In the late Roman period, Palmyra existed as a minor provincial town with a Roman garrison. Over the following centuries Palmyra lost its Greco-Roman identity, becoming known as Tadmor—a name of Arabic origin that references its position as a desert oasis and its association with the date palm.
Nov 23, 2015 · It was incorporated into the Roman Empire in the early years of Tiberius’ reign and became a metropolis with “free” status (civitas libera) under Hadrian, who visited the city in 129 AD and renamed it “Hadriana Palmyra”. Caracalla declared Palmyra a Roman colony in 212 AD and exempted the city from paying taxes on luxury items.
