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Sep 8, 2023 · To overcome the harmful effects of DNA damage, cells have various systems such as DNA repair mechanisms, damage tolerance pathways, cell cycle checkpoints, and cell death pathways. These systems work together to repair or tolerate DNA damage, ensuring the overall survival and functionality of cells.
DNA damage is an alteration in the chemical structure of DNA, such as a break in a strand of DNA, a nucleobase missing from the backbone of DNA, or a chemically changed base such as 8-OHdG. DNA damage can occur naturally or via environmental factors, but is distinctly different from mutation, although both are types of error in DNA.
Living organisms are continuously exposed to a myriad of DNA damaging agents that can impact health and modulate disease-states. However, robust DNA repair and damage-bypass mechanisms faithfully protect the DNA by either removing or tolerating the damage to ensure an overall survival.
How do DNA repair mechanisms detect and repair damaged DNA, and what happens when they fail? Aa Aa Aa. Table 1. Because DNA is the repository of genetic information in each living cell, its...
Jul 10, 2020 · The genome is continuously threatened by different types of DNA lesions, such as abasic sites, mismatches, interstrand crosslinks, or single-stranded and double-stranded breaks. As a consequence, cells have evolved specialized DNA damage response (DDR) mechanisms to sustain genome integrity.
Jul 9, 2021 · In this review, we first illustrate the timeline steps for the understanding the roles of DNA damage repair in the promotion of cancer and cancer therapy developed, then we summarize the ...
Oct 10, 2009 · A thought-provoking review of the evidence for causative links between DNA-damage accumulation and organismal ageing, which proposes the concept of a survival response that allows the organism's resources to be shifted from emphasis on growth, to survival of DNA damage and other stresses.
