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Sep 8, 2023 · To overcome the harmful effects of DNA damage, cells have various systems such as DNA repair mechanisms, damage tolerance pathways, cell cycle checkpoints, and cell death pathways. These systems work together to repair or tolerate DNA damage, ensuring the overall survival and functionality of cells.
At least five major DNA repair pathways—base excision repair (BER), nucleotide excision repair (NER), mismatch repair (MMR), homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)—are active throughout different stages of the cell cycle, allowing the cells to repair the DNA damage.
The various DNA repair mechanisms are: 1. Direct Repair 2. Excision Repair 3. Mismatch Base Repair 4. Recombination Repair or Retrieval System and 5. SOS Repair Mechanism. Introduction to DNA Damage and Repair: DNA is a highly stable and versatile molecule.
DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome. [1] . In human cells, both normal metabolic activities and environmental factors such as radiation can cause DNA damage, resulting in tens of thousands of individual molecular lesions per cell per day. [2] .
Feb 13, 2023 · DNA damage repair. Cells are continuously faced with endogenous stress (for example, during replication) and exogenous stress (for example, during exposure to ultraviolet radiation) that can...
DNA integrity is always under attack from environmental agents like skin cancer-causing UV rays. How do DNA repair mechanisms detect and repair damaged DNA, and what happens when they...
Jan 23, 2003 · The study of biological responsiveness to DNA damage embraces DNA repair, mutagenesis, damage tolerance, cell-cycle checkpoint control, programmed cell death, and other cellular responses...
Jan 16, 2024 · The review addresses key questions, including the major types of DNA damage, common DNA repair mechanisms, the availability of reliable databases for DNA damage and associated diseases, and the predominant computational research methods for enzymes involved in DNA damage and repair.
During DNA synthesis, most DNA polymerases "check their work," fixing the majority of mispaired bases in a process called proofreading. Immediately after DNA synthesis, any remaining mispaired bases can be detected and replaced in a process called mismatch repair.
Jan 5, 2024 · Here, we present DNA Damage Atlas (DDA, http://www.bioinformaticspa.com/DDA/), the first large-scale repository of DNA damage and repair information. Currently, DDA comprises 6,030 samples from 262 datasets by 59 technologies, covering 16 species, 10 types of damage and 135 treatments.
