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Background: Naphthalene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that has been associated with health effects, including cancer. As the state of the science on naphthalene toxicity continues to evolve, updated toxicity reference value(s) may be required to support human health risk assessment. Objectives: We present a systematic evidence map of studies that could be used to derive toxicity reference value(s) for naphthalene. Methods: Human and animal health effect studies and physiologically ...
Background: Naphthalene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that has been associated with health effects, including cancer. As the state of the science on naphthalene toxicity continues to evolve, updated toxicity reference value(s) may be required to support human health risk assessment.
Jul 1, 2021 · Background: Naphthalene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that has been associated with health effects, including cancer. As the state of the science on naphthalene toxicity continues to evolve ...
In humans, naphthalene is broken down to alpha-naphthol, which is linked to the development of hemolytic anemia. Kidney and liver damage may also occur. Alpha-naphthol and other metabolites are excreted in urine. ... Has anyone studied non-cancer effects from long-term exposure to naphthalene? Rats fed naphthalene while pregnant did not gain weight as quickly. In humans, women who ate naphthalene mothballs or inhaled the vapors while pregnant gave birth to babies with hemolytic anemia.
Jul 23, 2021 · As the state of the science on naphthalene toxicity continues to evolve, updated toxicity reference value(s) for naphthalene may be required to support human health risk assessment. Objectives: This scoping report presents a systematic evidence map of studies informative of the health effects of naphthalene exposure, focusing on human and experimental animal studies that could potentially be used to derive updated reference value(s) for human health risk assessment. ...
Background: Naphthalene ingestion and skin or inhalational exposure (accidental or deliberate) is an under-recognized cause of a severe toxidrome in regions where it is commonly used (e.g., mothballs in households). Methods: This review is an update for the clinicians to understand the pharmacology, clinical features, laboratory evaluation, and treatment for naphthalene toxicity. High-quality literature for the past eight decades was collected and reviewed in this article. Several landmark ...
Apr 24, 2019 · Human exposure to naphthalene (NA), an acute lung toxicant and possible human carcinogen, is primarily through inhalation. Acute lung toxicity and carcinogenesis are thought to be related because the target sites for both are similar. To understand susceptibility of the developing lung to cytotoxicity of inhaled NA, we exposed neonatal (7 days), juvenile (3 weeks), and adult mice to 5 or 10 ppm NA vapor for 4 h. ... 2008), and it is important to consider the effects of continual exposure on ...
Most of the data available on the toxic effects of naphthalene have been derived from animal studies conducted either in vivo or with in vitro preparations (22,46,115). There are reports of acute poisoning through unintentional or suicidal naphthalene exposures in humans but, as described below, the epidemiological data are very scarce regarding dose–response relationships for human health effects with acute, subchronic or chronic exposure by any route. ... The effects in humans are now ...
Aug 1, 2019 · Human exposure to naphthalene (NA), an acute lung toxicant and possible human carcinogen, is primarily through inhalation. Acute lung toxicity and carcinogenesis are thought to be related because the target sites for both are similar. To understand susceptibility of the developing lung to cytotoxicity of inhaled NA, we exposed neonatal (7 days ...
the haemolytic effect of naphthalene, as is observed in humans [2]. Inhalation Mice are more susceptible to lung damage following naphthalene exposure than rats. An acute inhalation exposure (4 hours) of 10 ppm naphthalene to mice induced necrosis of the Clara cells in the proximal airways of the lung. However, exposure of rats to up to 100 ppm
Naphthalene ingestion can result in acute as well as delayed toxicity. The primary target organs of toxicity are the blood and eyes. Reported effects of naphthalene overexposure in humans include hemolytic crisis, characterized by increased bilirubin levels, and the appearance of Heinz bodies and fragmented red blood cells.
Long-term Health Effects of Exposure to Naphthalene Background and status of Naphthalene as a Toxic Air Contaminant and Potential Carcinogen Naphthalene (CAS Registry Number: 91-20-3) is a natural constituent of coal tar, comprising ... There are a number of case reports of human exposures to naphthalene, generally involving acute poisonings or other situations with high exposures. Toxic effects seen generally include respiratory or hematological effects similar to those described above ...
Jul 28, 2011 · Both the recent classification of naphthalene as a possible human carcinogen and its ubiquitous presence motivate this critical review of naphthalene’s sources and exposures. We evaluate the environmental literature on naphthalene published since 1990, drawing on nearly 150 studies that report emissions and concentrations in indoor, outdoor and personal air. While naphthalene is both a volatile organic compound and a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, concentrations and exposures are poorly ...
Health Effects of Naphthalene Exposure: A Systematic Evidence Map and Analysis of Potential Considerations for Dose–Response Evaluation Erin E. Yost,1 Audrey Galizia,1 Dustin F. Kapraun,1 Amanda S. Persad,1 Suryanarayana V. Vulimiri,1 Michelle Angrish,1 Janice S. Lee,1 and Ingrid L. Druwe1 1Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, District of Columbia, USA BACKGROUND:Naphthalene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that has ...
Aug 15, 2003 · The US EPA reference dose (RfD<006><fn><006> RfD/RfC is an estimate of the daily oral/inhalation exposure to the human population that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime. </fn>) for naphthalene is established at 20 μg/kg body weight per day and the corresponding reference concentration (RfC 6) is set to 3 μg/m 3, which is remarkably low when compared with the estimated average exposure from environmental air (5.19 μg/m 3) established by ...
Naphthalene is a white solid substance with a strong smell. Poisoning from naphthalene destroys or changes red blood cells so they cannot carry oxygen. This can cause organ damage. This article is for information only. DO NOT use it to treat or manage an actual poison exposure. If you or someone you are with has an exposure, call the local ...
Nov 16, 2017 · Naphthalene: health effects, incident management and toxicology; Public Health England. Guidance ... but not in humans that prolonged exposure to naphthalene can cause cancer. Therefore, they have ...
Apr 24, 2019 · Naphthalene (NA) is one of the most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air (Buckpitt et al., 2010; Chuang et al., 1999) and is a respiratory toxicant as well as a possible human carcinogen (USEPA, 1998).The response of the developing lung to NA vapor exposure has not been investigated.
Naphthalene 91-20-3 Hazard Summary Naphthalene is used in the production of phthalic anhydride; it is also used in mothballs. Acute (short-term) exposure of humans to naphthalene by inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact is associated with hemolytic anemia, damage to the liver, and neurological damage. Cataracts have also been reported in
This condition has been seen in people, particularly children, after they have eaten moth balls containing naphthalene. Some of the symptoms that may occur after exposure to large quantities of naphthalene are fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea. The skin may become pale or yellow-coloured.
