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Rutherford’s model was unable to explain the stability of an atom. According to Rutherford’s postulate, electrons revolve at a very high speed around a nucleus of an atom in a fixed orbit. However, Maxwell explained accelerated charged particles release electromagnetic radiations .
Famously known as the Plum-pudding model or the watermelon model, he proposed that an atom is made up of a positively charged ball with electrons embedded in it. Further, the negative and positive charges were equal in number, making the atom electrically neutral. Figure 1 shows what Thomson’s plum-pudding model of an atom looked like.
Rutherford’s calculations show that the volume of the nucleus is very small compared to the total volume of the atom and the radius of an atom is about 10-10 m, while that of the nucleus is 10-15 m. Nuclear Model Of The Atom. Based on his observations and conclusions, Rutherford proposed his model of the structure of the atom.
Earlier in Rutherford Model, Rutherford explained in an atom a nucleus is positively charged and is surrounded by electrons (negatively charged particles). Learn about Rutherford’s Atomic Model here in detail. The electrons move around in a predictable path called orbits. Bohr modified Rutherford’s model where he explained that electrons ...
Rutherford's atomic model is the model which described the atom as a tiny, dense, positively charged core called a nucleus, in which nearly all the mass is concentrated, around which the light, negative constituents, called electrons, circulate at some distance, much like planets revolving around the Sun.
Using Rutherford model of the atom, derive the expression for the total energy of the electron in hydrogen atom. What is the significance of total negative energy possessed by the electron? OR Using Bohr's postulates of the atomic model derive the expression for radius of nth electron orbit. Hence obtain the expression for Bohrs radius.
According to Rutherford's model, electrons move around the nucleus in an atom in certain circular orbits. But according to the classical theory of electrodynamics, a moving electron, will always emit energy. Thereby the electron loses energy and ultimately falls into the nucleus. Therefore Rutherford's atom is unstable.
Rutherford's model described the atom as a tiny, dense, positively charged core called a nucleus, in which nearly all the mass is concentrated, around which the light, negative constituents, called electrons, circulate at some distance, much like planets revolving around the Sun.
It does not explain the stability of the atom. As we know now, when charged bodies move in a circular motion, they emit radiations. This means that the electrons revolving around the nucleus (as suggested by Rutherford) would lose energy and come closer and closer to the nucleus, and a stage will come when they would finally merge into the nucleus.
Rutherford had proposed a model in which the electrons revolved around the nucleus in well-defined orbits. However, the orbital revolution of the electron was not expected to be stable. Any particle in a circular orbit would undergo an acceleration and the charged particles would radiate energy.
