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Why is Earth called Terra?
The 4th century AD Latin commentator Servius distinguishes between use of tellus and terra. Terra, he says, is properly used of the elementum, earth as one of the four classical elements with air (Ventus), water (Aqua), and fire (Ignis).
Gaia, the Greek goddess of Earth, known also as Terra Mater, holds significant importance in Greek mythology. Recognized as the mother of life and often referred to as Mother Earth, she had a complex relationship with other mythological figures such as Uranus, Pontus, Tartarus, and Zeus.
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PARENTS
[1.1] NONE (the second being to emerge at creation) (Hesiod Theogony 116) [2.1] Emerged from HYDROS (Orphic Rhapsodies 66, Orphic Frag 54 & 57, Epicuras Frag) [3.1] AITHER & HEMERA (Hyginus Preface)
OFFSPRING PROTOGENOI
[1.1] OURANOS, THE OUREA, PONTOS (without a mate) (Hesiod Theogony 126) [1.2] PONTOS, TARTAROS (by Aither or Ouranos?) (Hyginus Preface) [2.1] KHRONOS, ANANKE (by Hydros) (Orphic Fragments 54 & 57)
OFFSPRING TITANES-GIGANTES
[1.1] THE TITANES (OKEANOS, KOIOS, KRIOS, HYPERION, IAPETOS, KRONOS), THE TITANIDES (THEIA, RHEIA, THEMIS, MNEMOSYNE, TETHYS, PHOIBE), THE KYKLOPES, THE HEKATONKHEIRES (by Ouranos) (Hesiod Theogony 135, Apollodorus 1.2, Diodorus Siculus 5.66.1) [1.2] THE TITANES (as above), THE TITANIDES (as above plus DIONE), THE KYKLOPES, THE HEKATONKHEIRES (by Ouranos) (Apollodorus 1.2) [1.3] THEMIS, PHOIBE (Aeschylus Eumenides 1) [1.4] THE TITANES (OKEANOS, KRONOS, TETHYS) (by Ouranos) (Aeschylus Promethe...
GAEA or GE (Gaia or Gê), the personification of the earth. She appears in the character of a divine being as early as the Homeric poems, for we read in the Iliad (iii. 104) that black sheep were sacrificed to her, and that she was invoked by persons taking oaths. (iii. 278, xv. 36, xix. 259, Od. v. 124.) She is further called, in the Homeric poems,...
GAEA, THE TITANS & THE CASTRATION OF URANUS
Hesiod, Theogony 126 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) : "And Gaia (Gaea, Earth) first bare starry Ouranos (Uranus, Heaven), equal to herself, to cover her on every side, and to be an ever-sure abiding-place for the blessed gods . . . But afterwards she [Gaia] lay with Ouranos and bare [the Titanes (Titans)] deep-swirling Okeanos (Oceanus), Koios (Coeus) and Krios (Crius) and Hyperion and Iapetos (Iapetus), Theia and Rheia, Themis and Mnemosyne and gold-crowned Phoibe (P...
GAEA & THE WAR OF THE TITANS
Hesiod, Theogony 462 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) : "[Kronos (Cronus)] learned from Gaia (Gaea, Earth) and starry Ouranos (Uranus, Heaven) that he was destined to be overcome by his own son, strong though he was, through the contriving of great Zeus.Therefore he kept no blind outlook, but watched and swallowed down his children : and unceasing grief seized Rhea. But when she was about to bear Zeus, the father of gods and men, then she besought her own dear parents,...
GAEA, THE WAR OF THE GIGANTES & TYPHOEUS
The ancients barely distinguished between the War of the Titanes (Titans) and the War of the Gigantes (Giants). The immortal Titanes sometimes appear as leaders of the Gigante-troops. Hesiod, Theogony 819 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) : "But when Zeus had driven the Titanes (Titans) from heaven, huge Gaia (Gaea, Earth) bare her youngest child Typhoeus of the love of Tartaros (the Pit), by the aid of golden Aphrodite [sexual desire]." Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 1...
GREEK
1. Homer, The Iliad - Greek Epic C8th B.C. 2. Homer, The Odyssey - Greek Epic C8th B.C. 3. Hesiod, Theogony - Greek Epic C8th - 7th B.C. 4. Hesiod, Works and Days - Greek Epic C8th - 7th B.C. 5. Hesiod, Catalogues of Women Fragments - Greek Epic C8th - 7th B.C. 6. Hesiod, Astronomy Fragments - Greek Epic C8th - 7th B.C. 7. The Homeric Hymns - Greek Epic C8th - 4th B.C. 8. Homerica, Homer's Epigrams - Greek Epic C8th - 7th B.C. 9. Aesop, Fables - Greek Fables C6th B.C. 10. Pindar, Odes - Greek...
ROMAN
1. Hyginus, Fabulae - Latin Mythography C2nd A.D. 2. Hyginus, Astronomica - Latin Mythography C2nd A.D. 3. Ovid, Metamorphoses - Latin Epic C1st B.C. - C1st A.D. 4. Ovid, Fasti - Latin Poetry C1st B.C. - C1st A.D. 5. Virgil, Aeneid - Latin Epic C1st B.C. 6. Statius, Thebaid - Latin Epic C1st A.D.
BYZANTINE
1. Suidas, The Suda - Byzantine Greek Lexicon C10th A.D.
- The earth
- Uranus
- Earth
- None (emerged at creation)
As the Roman goddess of earth and fertility, Terra Mater is often compared with the Greek goddess Gaia, also known as Terra in Greek mythology. This article delves into the origins and symbolism of Terra Mater, explores her role as a mother goddess, and examines her connection to Roman agricultural festivals.
Terra is the Roman form of Gaia (greek). She is the goddess of the Earth. Her husband is Caelus, an ancient god of the sky (heavens). They are the parents of the Titans & giants. [1] One day, thousands of years ago, Terra convinced her son, Saturn, to take his father's scythe and chop his father up with it. Saturn did as his mother told him.
May 23, 2020 · Known as Terra to the Romans and with equivalents around the globe, Gaia was an elemental power of fertility, creation, and maternal love. Gaia was a loving mother who shared everything she had with her children, but she could also unleash terror on anyone who threatened them.
Aug 2, 2024 · Gaea, Greek personification of the Earth as a goddess. Mother and wife of Uranus (Heaven), from whom the Titan Cronus, her last-born child by him, separated her, she was also mother of the other Titans, the Gigantes, the Erinyes, and the Cyclopes.
