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Mar 17, 2022 · Learn how Watson and Crick determined the double helix structure of DNA using X-ray crystallography and Chargaff's rules. Compare the building blocks and base-pairing of DNA and RNA nucleotides.
- DNA Model
- The Nitrogen Bases Or Nucleotides
- Deoxyribose Sugar
- The Phosphate Group
- References
The three-dimensional structure of DNA, first proposed by James D. Watson and Francis H. C. Crick in 1953, consists of two long helical strands that are coiled around a common axis to form a double...Each DNA molecule is comprised of two biopolymer strands coiling around each other.Each strand has a 5′end (with a phosphate group) and a 3′end (with a hydroxyl group).The strands are antiparallel, meaning that one strand runs in a 5′to 3′direction, while the other strand runs in a 3′to 5′direction.DNA strands are composed of monomers called nucleotides.These monomers are often referred to as bases because they contain cyclic organic bases.Four different nucleotides, abbreviated A, T, C, and G, (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine) are joined to form a DNA strand, with the base parts projecting inward from the backbone of the str...Two strands bind together via the bases and twist to form a double helix.Deoxyribose, also known as D-Deoxyribose and 2-deoxyribose, is a pentose sugar (monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms) that is a key component of the nucleic acid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).It is derived from the pentose sugar ribose. Deoxyribose has the chemical formula C5H10O4.Deoxyribose is the sugar component of DNA, just as ribose serves that role in RNA (ribonucleic acid).Alternating with phosphate bases, deoxyribose forms the backbone of the DNA, binding to the nitrogenous bases adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.The sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including DNA.This backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups and defines the directionality of the molecule.DNA are composed of nucleotides that are linked to one another in a chain by chemical bonds, called ester bonds, between the sugar base of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of the adjacent nuc...The sugar is the 3′ end, and the phosphate is the 5′ end of each nucleotide.Alberts, B., Johnson, A., Lewis, J., Raff, M., Roberts, K., & Walter, P. (2002). Molecular biology of the cell. New York: Garland Science.Sep 13, 2023 · What is the Chemical Structure of DNA. DNA Structure. The two DNA strands (polymers) wound around each other in a right-handed double helix that looks like a twisted ladder or a spiral-shaped staircase. Each helix turn or complete double helix rotation measures approximately 34 Angstroms (Å) in length.
Learn how Watson and Crick built on the work of previous scientists to propose the double helix model of DNA in 1953. Explore the history of DNA research from Miescher to Levene to Chargaff and beyond.
Oct 9, 2019 · How Watson and Crick solved the mystery of the double helix with the help of X-ray data and base-pairing rules. Learn about the history, the model and the impact of the DNA discovery in this article from Nature.
- Georgina Ferry
- 2019
A DNA molecule consists of two long polynucleotide chains composed of four types of nucleotide subunits. Each of these chains is known as a DNA chain, or a DNA strand. Hydrogen bonds between the base portions of the nucleotides hold the two chains together (Figure 4-3).
3 days ago · DNA, organic chemical of complex molecular structure found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It codes genetic information for the transmission of inherited traits. The structure of DNA was described in 1953, leading to further understanding of DNA replication and hereditary control of cellular activities.
