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How does DNA replication occur in a cell?
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Learn about the steps and enzymes involved in DNA replication, a biological polymerisation that produces two identical copies of DNA. Compare the DNA replication in prokaryotes and eukaryotes and test your knowledge with MCQs.
Nov 2, 2023 · Learn how DNA replication occurs in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and what enzymes and proteins are involved in the process. Find out the steps of DNA replication, the Okazaki fragments, the replication fork, and the applications of DNA replication.
- Rajat Thapa
In molecular biology, [1] [2] [3] DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. [4] . DNA replication occurs in all living organisms acting as the most essential part of biological inheritance.
Key points: DNA replication is semiconservative. Each strand in the double helix acts as a template for synthesis of a new, complementary strand. New DNA is made by enzymes called DNA polymerases, which require a template and a primer (starter) and synthesize DNA in the 5' to 3' direction.
- DNA Gyrase is a topoisomerase. There are several kinds
- At the ends of DNA strands there is a section non-coding nucleotides that we call a telomere. The telomere is what gets shorter every time a cell d...
- The DNA is first unwound at origins of replication and the displaced histone proteins move onto to other parts of the DNA that haven't been unwound...
- Yep, that was a typo! I've fixed it now and it should be corrected on the site shortly. Thanks for noticing!
- The key word is the "usually." The reaction won't occur with a mis-paired base in most cases. However, about 1 in 10^5 base pairs will involve an i...
- Prokaryotes have DNA polymerases I, II, III, eukaryotes have alpha, delta, epsilon and such.
- Great question! Yes, DNA polymerase II is involved in repair of damage that occurs outside the context of DNA replication, such as cross-links betw...
- Helicase enzyme. It binds at replication initiation site and moves along DNA, in front of polymerase III, opening replication fork.
- Most DNA exists as a double-stranded DNA in a double helix — the strands are held together by base pairs and we usually think of this as a single m...
- I found this on Nature.com: “DNA is always synthesized in the 5'-to-3' direction, meaning that nucleotides are added only to the 3' end of the grow...
Mar 17, 2022 · The replication of DNA occurs during the synthesis phase, or S phase, of the cell cycle, before the cell enters mitosis or meiosis. The elucidation of the structure of the double helix provided a hint as to how DNA is copied. Recall that adenine nucleotides pair with thymine nucleotides, and cytosine with guanine.
May 2, 2024 · Learn how a cell makes an identical copy of its DNA, the genetic material that defines every cell. Explore the steps and enzymes involved in DNA replication, from unwinding the double helix to joining the fragments.
Jun 1, 2020 · DNA replication is a process that occurs during cellular division where two identical molecules of DNA are created from a single molecule of DNA. As a semiconservative process, a single molecule containing two strands of DNA in double helix formation is separated, where each strand serves as a template for the new DNA molecules.
