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Magnolia is a large genus of about 210 to 340 [a] flowering plant species in the subfamily Magnolioideae of the family Magnoliaceae. The natural range of Magnolia species is disjunct, with a main center in east and southeast Asia and a secondary center in eastern North America, Central America, the West Indies, and some species in South America .
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magnolia, (genus Magnolia), genus of about 225 species of trees and shrubs of the family Magnoliaceae native to North and South America, the Himalayas, and East Asia. They are valued for their large and fragrant white, yellow, pink, or purple flowers and frequently handsome leaves and unusual fruits. Some are important garden ornamentals; others ar...
Magnolia plants can be evergreen or deciduous and bear alternate smooth-margined leaves. The flowers, usually cuplike and fragrant, are located at the branch tips and have three sepals, six to 12 petals arranged in two to four series, and many spirally arranged stamens. The numerous simple ovaries in the centre later form a conelike fruit known as an aggregate of follicles. Each follicle of the fruit bears a single seed. The seeds, usually reddish, often hang pendulously by slender threads.
Britannica Quiz
Some of the more popular species, native to North America and relatively hardy and deciduous trees unless otherwise noted, are: laurel, also called southern magnolia or sweet bay (Magnolia grandiflora), a 31-metre (102-foot) evergreen with thick shining leaves; sweet bay (M. virginiana), 19 metres (62 feet) tall with leathery leaves; big-leaf magnolia (M. macrophylla), 15 metres (50 feet) tall with purple-based blooms; umbrella tree (M. tripetala), 12 metres (40 feet) tall with leaves 60 cm (2 feet) long that are sometimes used as rain shields; cucumber tree (M. acuminata), a 30-metre (100-foot) tree with cucumber-shaped rosy fruits; and Thompson’s magnolia (M. ×thompsoniana), a hybrid between the umbrella tree and the laurel magnolia with fragrant blooms that have a spicy odour.
Well-known Asian species of the genus Magnolia include lily magnolia (M. liliiflora), a 4-metre (13-foot) shrubby tree that has purple blossoms with white interiors and brownish fruits; yulan magnolia (M. denudata), a 60-metre (nearly 200-foot) tree; saucer magnolia (M. ×soulangeana), a gray-barked hybrid between the lily magnolia and the yulan magnolia, which has flowers that may be white, pink, crimson, or purplish; Oyama magnolia (M. sieboldii), a 9-metre (30-foot) tree with crimson fruits; and star magnolia (M. stellata), of similar height with spidery flowers.
Magnolia is a genus of about 225 species of trees and shrubs with large and fragrant flowers and distinctive fruits. Learn about the major species, their distribution, and their uses in this article from Britannica.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
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- Anise Magnolia (Magnolia salicifolia) They are usually white, can grow up to six inches wide and it has a very acidic fragrance. Their leaves are very wide in comparison to other Magnolias.
- Jane Platt (Magnolia stellata) This type is a hybrid magnolia and they are usually small trees. They also have pale pink petals, however, they don’t have any leaves in their branches.
- Bigleaf Magnolia (Magnolia macrophylla) This Magnolia stays true to its name, as it can produce massive leaves. It can be an evergreen tree in warm areas, although it is often a deciduous tree.
- Loebner Magnolia (Magnolia x loebneri) Another hybrid Magnolia, it is a combination between the Kobus and Star Magnolias. Small stems can be seen throughout the tree and it is easily recognized because of its fragrance.
Learn how to plant, grow, and care for magnolias, one of the oldest flowering plants on Earth. Find out about different magnolia species, sizes, colors, and hardiness zones.
Feb 1, 2024 · Magnolias are beautiful flowering trees or shrubs with stunning pink, purple, yellow, or white flowers. Magnolia trees and shrubs have thick leathery leaves and impressive flowers that appear early in the spring. Magnolias can be deciduous or evergreen depending on their growing zone.
