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  2. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › SultanSultan - Wikipedia

    Ottoman Sultan Mehmed IV attended by a eunuch and two pages. These are generally secondary titles, either lofty 'poetry' or with a message, e.g.: Mani Sultan – Manney Sultan (meaning the "Pearl of Rulers" or "Honoured Monarch") – a subsidiary title, part of the full style of the Maharaja of Travancore

  3. Sultan, originally, according to the Qurʾān, moral or spiritual authority; the term later came to denote political or governmental power and from the 11th century was used as a title by Muslim sovereigns. Maḥmūd of Ghazna (reigned ad 998–1030) was the first Muslim ruler to be called sultan by his.

    • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
  4. Qalāʾūn. Qalāʾūn was a Mamlūk sultan of Egypt (1279–90), the founder of a dynasty that ruled that country for a century. In the 1250s Qalāʾūn was an early and devoted supporter of the Mamlūk commander Baybars,... Ḥusayn Shah ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn. Ḥusayn Shah ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn was the founder of the Ḥusayn Shāhī dynasty of Bengal.

  5. May 23, 2024 · A sultan is a secular ruler, usually in an Islamic country. The name came into use as the nation of Islam far extended its territories and relied on secure governance in far away provinces and countries. The sultan, as ruler, was initially inferior to the ruling caliph, but generally governed with almost absolute authority in a particular area.

  6. May 8, 2018 · Modern Europe. Ancient History, Middle Ages and Feudalism. Sultan. views 1,637,591 updated May 08 2018. SULTAN. Sultan, which originally meant 'power' or 'authority', evolved by the tenth century to its present meaning of the holder of that authority, such as a ruler, lord, or monarch.

  7. Jul 10, 2019 · The Ottoman rulers used the term sultan for almost their entire dynasty. In 1517, Ottoman Sultan Selim I captured the Caliph in Cairo and adopted the term; Caliph is a disputed title that commonly means the leader of the Muslim world. The Ottoman use of the term ended in 1924 when the empire was replaced by the Republic of Turkey.

  8. Ottoman Empire - Sultans, Dynasties, Legacy: The table provides a chronological list of the sultans of the Ottoman Empire.