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Mar 30, 2023 · A major graben with a fault boundary, Wadi Fatimah is up to 10 km broad at its southwest end and about 50 km long. The NE–SW major graben has an ancient faulting trend that is separated by numerous NW–SE faults because of Red Sea tectonics.
May 11, 2023 · Wadi Fatimah basin is recharged by rainfall creating a promising or strategic area for groundwater supply for future planning and urbanization projects in surrounding areas.
Jan 1, 2009 · Abstract. Geological contacts in a complex subsurface terrain have favorable potentiality for groundwater; particularly in semiarid/or arid areas. Magnetic and DC resistivity surveys were proposed...
- Rainwater Chemistry
- Hydrochemical Processes
- Suitability of Groundwater
- Sodium Content
- Total Salt Concentration Hazard
- Sodium Adsorption Ratio
- Residual Sodium Carbonate
- Magnesium Hazard
- Boron Hazard
- Chloride Effects
The chemical composition of the rainwater was introduced by Alyamani and Hussein (1995) in Table 4. In their study, the rainwater samples were collected from three rainfall stations; namely, Al Hada, Al Sail Al Kabir, and Bahrah (Fig. 2). The first two stations represent the uppermost (recharging zone) of An Numan and Fatimah basins, respectively. ...
Based on the discussion above, the prevalent chemical character of groundwater and rainwater are completely different in their types. It becomes quite evident that the groundwater chemistry has been modified and tends to reflect the chemical evolution in groundwater from the initial calcium bicarbonate composition to calcium chloride and sodium chl...
Irrigation water
The usual range for bicarbonate in irrigation water is 0–10 meq/l (Ayers and Wescot 1985). All of the groundwater samples of Wadi Fatimah fall below this range. Concentrations of sulfate vary between 96.31 and 2,667.2 ppm with an average 339.03 ppm which are below the usual limits according to irrigation water standards. Specific electrical conductivity values of groundwater samples are between 979 and 2,890 μS/cm and are higher than the Ayers and Wescot (1985) irrigation limit.
SEC and sodium concentration are very important in classifying irrigation water. The sodium content (Na/ppm) in the area ranges between 66 and 3,400 with an average 233.4 (Table 2).
In Wadi Fatimah and with exception of AlJumum–Bahrah, most of the groundwater falls within the satisfactory limits (Tables 6 and 7).
Table 6 shows that the calculated values of sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) for the groundwater in Wadi Fatimah are low according to the recommended water classification for SAR (Lloyd and Heathcote 1985). The sodium adsorption ratio parameter evaluates the sodium hazard in relation to calcium and magnesium concentrations. The minimum SAR values of W...
Another way to examine the irrigation water is to estimate the residual sodium carbonate (RSC) as suggested by Eaton (1950). According to Eaton (op. cit.), if the RSC < 1.25, the water is considered safe. On the other hand, if the RSC > 2.5 the water is not appropriate for irrigation. The classification of the groundwater quality for irrigation acc...
Szabolcs and Darab (1964) proposed magnesium hazard (MH) value for irrigation water as given below MH > 50 is considered harmful and unsuitable for irrigation use. The calculated values of magnesium hazard MH are presented in Table 6. The analyzed groundwater samples of Wadi Fatimah are within acceptable limits. A few samples especially those locat...
Boron is essential for plant growth in very small concentrations; however, it can become extremely toxic at concentrations slightly above optimum. With the exception of samples no. 13 and 77 in Fatimah (Tables 6 and 7), the basins show that most of the groundwater falls with satisfactory limits.
The pumps often affected by certain constituents particularly chloride and carbonate. Chloride is most effective at concentrations greater than 300 mg/l. Its effect is to breakdown protective films of copper and aluminum alloys. Most of the groundwater of Fatimah basin is suitable for agricultural activities with the exception of samples 75, 76, 77...
- Mohamed Amin Mohamed Sharaf
- masharaf40@hotmail.com
- 2013
The Wadi Fatimah basin's elevation ranges between 10 and 2314 m. ... Geologically, the Wadi Fatimah basin is composed of Precambrian, Tertiary rocks, and Quaternary alluvial deposits ( Fig....
Saudi Arabia is one of the region’s largest consumers of water, so it is important to take immediate action to address this issue. This study used data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) to assess changes in groundwater storage in Wadi Fatimah and its surrounding areas.
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Apr 5, 2023 · The Wadi Fatimah area suffers from a lack of freshwater resources, so this study aimed to analyze the groundwater in this region and evaluate its quality for irrigation and drinking purposes.
