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   by

   /bʌɪ/

   preposition

   • 1. identifying the agent performing an action.
   • ▪ after a passive verb: "the door was opened by my cousin Annie" Similar through the agency ofby means ofunder the aegis ofusingutilizingemployingwith the help ofwith the aid ofas a result ofbecause ofby dint ofby way ofby virtue ofviathrough
   • ▪ after a noun denoting an action: "a clear decision by the electorate"
   • ▪ identifying the author of a text, idea, or work of art: "a book by Ernest Hemingway"
   • 2. indicating the means of achieving something: "malaria can be controlled by attacking the parasite"
   • ▪ indicating a term to which an interpretation is to be assigned: "what is meant by ‘fair’?"
   • ▪ indicating a name according to which a person is known: "she mostly calls me by my last name"
   • ▪ indicating the means of transport selected for a journey: "the cost of travelling by bus"
   • ▪ indicating the other parent of someone's child or children: "Richard is his son by his third wife"
   • ▪ indicating the sire of a pedigree animal, especially a horse: "a black filly by Goldfuerst"
   • ▪ (followed by a noun without a determiner) in various phrases indicating how something happens: "I heard by chance that she has married again"
   • 3. indicating the amount or size of a margin: "the shot missed her by miles"
   • ▪ indicating a quantity or amount: "billing is by the minute"
   • ▪ in phrases indicating something happening repeatedly or progressively, typically with repetition of a unit of time: "colours changing minute by minute"
   • ▪ identifying a parameter: "a breakdown of employment figures by age and occupation"
   • ▪ expressing multiplication, especially in dimensions: "a map measuring 400 by 600 mm"
   • 4. indicating a deadline or the end of a particular time period: "I've got to do this report by Monday" Similar no later thanin good time foratbefore
   • 5. indicating location of a physical object beside a place or object: "remains were discovered by the roadside" Similar next tobesidenext door toalongsideby/at the side ofabreast ofadjacent tocheek by jowl withside by side withnearclose tohard bynearest toneighbouringadjoiningabuttingborderingoverlookingconnected toconnecting withcontiguous withattached to
   • ▪ past and beyond: "I drove by our house" Similar pastin front ofbeyond
   • 6. indicating the period in which something happens: "this animal always hunts by night"
   • 7. concerning; according to: "anything you do is all right by me" Similar according towithas far as … is concernedconcerning
   • 8. used in mild oaths: "it was the least he could do, by God"

   adverb

   • 1. so as to go past: "a car flashed by on the other side of the road"

   noun

   • 1. variant spelling of bye

   Word Origin Old Englishbī, bi, be, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch bij and German bei.

   Scrabble Points: 7

   • B

     3

   • Y

     4

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2. People also ask

   What does by mean?

   • Get a quick, free translation! BY definition: 1. used to show the person or thing that does something: 2. used to show how something is done…. Learn more.

   BY | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary

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   What does by mean in a sentence?

   • Someone or something that is by something else is beside it and close to it. Judith was sitting in a rocking-chair by the window. They stood by the side of the road. Emma was by the door. By is also an adverb.

   BY definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary

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   How do you use by in a sentence?

   • Parcels arrived by the dozen from America. Liberty fabrics, both for furnishing and for dress-making, are sold by the metre. You use by in expressions such as ' minute by minute' and ' drop by drop' to talk about things that happen gradually, not all at once. His father began to lose his memory bit by bit, becoming increasingly forgetful.

   BY definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary

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   What does it mean if something is done by a person?

   • If something is done by a person or thing, that person or thing does it. The feast was served by his mother and sisters. I was amazed by their discourtesy and lack of professionalism. The town has been under attack by rebel groups for a week now.

   BY definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary

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3. dictionary.cambridge.org › dictionary › englishBY | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary

   dictionary.cambridge.org › dictionary › english

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   Learn the meaning and usage of the preposition and adverb by in English. Find out how to use by with agents, methods, positions, measurements, time, and more.

4. www.merriam-webster.com › dictionary › byBy Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster

   www.merriam-webster.com › dictionary › by

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   Learn the various uses and meanings of the word by as a preposition, adverb, noun, adjective, and interjection. See synonyms, examples, etymology, and related phrases of by.

5. www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com › definitionby preposition - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and ...

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   Learn the meaning, pronunciation and usage of the preposition by with examples and pictures. Find out how to use by to show how, where, when, degree, result, part, rate, measurements and more.

6. www.dictionary.com › browse › byBY Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com

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   By definition: near to or next to. See examples of BY used in a sentence.

7. www.vocabulary.com › dictionary › byBy - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms | Vocabulary.com

   www.vocabulary.com › dictionary › by

   By means near, beside, or past. When your friend rides by on her bike, she passes close to you.

8. www.collinsdictionary.com › dictionary › englishBY definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary

   www.collinsdictionary.com › dictionary › english

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   Learn the meaning and usage of the preposition and adverb 'by' in English. See examples, synonyms, pronunciation, and grammar rules for 'by'.

9. www.thefreedictionary.com › byBy - definition of by by The Free Dictionary

   www.thefreedictionary.com › by

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   Learn the meaning, pronunciation, and usage of the preposition, adverb, and noun by. Find examples, synonyms, antonyms, and related words for by in different contexts and domains.