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Professor Rob Poole BEng (Hons) PhD Professor Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Robert John Poole. Recent direct numerical simulations (DNS) and experiments in turbulent channel flow have found intermittent low- and high-drag events in Newtonian fluid flows, at Reτ =...
Sep 26, 2013 · “The Mack” was released in 1973 and was the only major writing credit for writer Robert J. Poole. Set in Oakland, Ca., the film surrounds the life of John “Goldie” Mickens, a street hustler turned pimp. Goldie sets his sights on becoming the most notorious pimp in the city.
- Introduction
- Experimental
- Results and Discussion
- Acknowledgements
The definition of printability in extrusion-based printing is somewhat vague, and means different things to researchers working towards different applications. For example, the requirements for DIW of glass and bio-printing are different to the needs in complex structures with high level of detail. In 3D-bioprinting inks must have relatively low yi...
Suspension preparation and characterisation
Raman spectroscopy was performed on the GO stock solution using a Renishaw inVia confocal Raman Microscope equipped with a 532 nm laser (power 100%, with an 50× objective, and exposure time of 10 s). The surface tension of GO suspensions with different concentrations was measured using the pendant drop method in a Kruss Drop Shape Analyzer DSA100. The relationship between surface tension and gravity determines the shape of the pendant drop. The surface tension is calculated from the shape (us...
Rotational rheology
Additional amplitude sweeps (strain between 0.01% and 150% at 0.5 Hz) were carried out to determine the linear viscoelastic region (LVR) and quantify the inner structure and break down process. The yield stress, σy, and yield strain, γy, values are determined at the limit of the LVR; @rest G′ values were determined as the average within the LVR; and the strain and stress at the flow point, σf and γf respectively, were determined at the crossover point (G′ = G′′). We define the flow transition...
Extensional rheology
The time evolution of liquid bridges formed from GO suspensions with concentrations from 0.05 vol% to 0.30 vol% (Fig. 3) shows a transition from Newtonian-like (0.05 vol%) to shear thinning behaviour (0.2 and 0.3 vol%). At 0.05 vol% the filament becomes an approximately uniaxial straight-walled column immediately prior to breakup (Fig. 3). When effects of gravity and inertia can be ignored, the diameter of a Newtonian fluid undergoing capillary thinning evolves according to the similarity sol...
Shear rheology
Fitting these zero-shear-viscosity values vs. GO content to a power-law confirms that μ0 does indeed increase with concentrations up to 2.8 vol% following a power law with an exponent of ∼2.5 (Fig. 6a). This exponent is in good agreement with the trend observed for storage modulus, G′, and yield stress, σy, that follow a power law with an exponent between 2.5 and 2.9 according to the literature14,26,30,36,37 and to the new oscillatory results in this work. From the viscosity curves (Fig. 5a)...
Oscillatory rheology
From the second step in the sequence, it is possible to determine if the oscillatory data for formulations of 2D GO colloids can be used to approximate the flow behaviour or vice versa. Applying the extended Cox–Merz rule (Rutgers–Delaware, eqn (3))14,38 to dynamic data (frequency sweeps, step 2, fixed strain 0.5% (Fig. 7b)) suggest that this empirical rule can be reasonably applied to intermediate concentrations, above 0.3 vol% and below 2 vol% (Fig. 6b). The transformations (eqn (3)) match...
E. Feilden, E. García-Tuñón, F. Giuliani, E. Saiz and L. Vandeperre, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 2016, 36, 2525–2533 CrossRef CAS .J. A. Lewis, J. E. Smay, J. Stuecker and J. Cesarano, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 2006, 89, 3599–3609 CrossRef CAS .J. Franco, P. Hunger, M. E. Launey, A. P. Tomsia and E. Saiz, Acta Biomater., 2010, 6, 218–228 CrossRef CAS PubMed .J. A. Lewis, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2006, 16, 2193–2204 CrossRef CAS .- Andrew Corker, Henry C.-H. Ng, Robert J. Poole, Esther García-Tuñón
- 2019
The Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics publishes research on flowing soft matter systems. Submissions in all areas of flowing complex fluids are welcomed, including polymer melts and solutions, suspensions, colloids, surfactant solutions, biological fluids, gels, liquid crystals and granular …. View full aims & scope.
Robert J. Poole, Sergio Rosa, Marcel P. Escudier Department of Engineering, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK, robpoole@liv.ac.uk s.rosa@liv.ac.uk, m.p.escudier@liv.ac.uk Abstract In this paper we report measurements of mean and fluctuating axial velocities, measured using a
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