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The Tower of London test is a test used in applied clinical neuropsychology for the assessment of executive functioning specifically to detect deficits in planning, [1] [2] which may occur due to a variety of medical and neuropsychiatric conditions.
The Tower Test assesses several key EFs, including planning. The objective is to move disks, varying in size from small to large, across three pegs to build a designated tower in the fewest number of moves possible.
The Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) is a neuropsychological test used to measure a variety of verbal and nonverbal executive functions for both children and adults (ages 8–89 years). This assessment was developed over the span of a decade by Dean Delis, Edith Kaplan, and Joel Kramer, and it was published in 2001.
Jan 1, 1995 · In the Tower of London (ToL) test, participants arrange colored discs on pegs to match a given pattern, testing executive functions and visuospatial planning skills.
The test is standardized for individuals age 11 to 74 and scored according to normalized T scores, with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10. The raw score is in seconds to complete the task, and the typical testing time 10 minutes with interpretation.
The D-KEFS Tower Test is a version of the TOH and it contains five disks ranging in size from small to large and a board with three vertical pegs. The test measures spatial planning, rule learning, inhibition of impulsive responding, and establishing and maintaining set.
Jan 17, 2017 · Tower of London (ToL) is an executive function task utilized primarily to assess planning ability and was originally developed by Shallice (1982) as a modification of the Tower of Hanoi (Nitschke, Kostering, Finkel, Weiller, & Kaller, 2016; Shallice & Burgess, 1991; Unterrainer & Owen, 2006).
The 2nd edition still includes: 1) Elimination of repeated trials for failed problems, which maintains task novelty; 2) introduction of 6- and 7-move test problem configurations, which increases sensitivity to executive functioning across age levels, and 3) an empirical selection of test problem configurations, which allows assessment of the ...
fig 1. Example of the Tower of London screen. A, Sample screen of one of the configurations of a planning problem. Upper, baseline configuration; lower, target configuration. In this example, the participant has been asked to move first the blue ball to the right rod, which is counterintuitive.
Oct 1, 2003 · The Tower of London (ToL) is a well-known test of planning ability, and commonly used for the purpose of neuropsychological assessment and cognitive research. Its widespread application has led to numerous versions differing in a number of respects.
