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Harappan Civilization was also known as Indus Valley Civilization as the most significant shreds of evidence of the achievements of the Indus Valley civilization were excavated from Harappa. Indus Valley art emerged during the second half of the third millennium BCE (i.e. from 2500 BC onwards).
The Indus River Valley Civilization, 3300-1300 BCE, also known as the Harappan Civilization, extended from modern-day northeast Afghanistan to Pakistan and northwest India. Important innovations of this civilization include standardized weights and measures, seal carving, and metallurgy with copper, bronze, lead, and tin.
Jul 29, 2012 · The most striking feature of the Harappan cities is their town planning. The Harappan city was divided into the upper town (also called the Citadel) and the lower town.
By 2500 BCE in the Mature Harappan phase, the Harappan Civilization became the eastern anchor of a network of routes including the Mesopotamian city-states, the Gulf, Iranian Plateau, and Central Asia, and its urbanization emerged as a clear marker of the sociocultural complexity of the Mature Harappan Civilization.
Dec 13, 2014 · Cities like Harappa, which lie on the periphery of the known Indus Valley Civilization, served as gateway cities into the main region where that civilization held sway and were hence more robust or powerful than smaller cities. It is spread over 450,000 sqm of space.
Harappa was the centre of one of the core regions of the Indus Valley Civilization, located in central Punjab. The Harappan architecture and Harappan Civilization was one of the most developed in the old Bronze Age. The Harappan Civilization has its earliest roots in cultures such as that of Mehrgarh, approximately 6000 BCE.
Jul 21, 2024 · Portion of the ruins at the Mohenjo-daro archaeological site, southeastern Pakistan. The Indus civilization is known to have consisted of two large cities, Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, and more than 100 towns and villages, often of relatively small size.
4 days ago · The Harappan sites range from extensive cities to small villages or outposts. The two largest are Mohenjo-daro and Harappa, each perhaps originally about a mile square in overall dimensions. Each shares a characteristic layout, oriented roughly north-south with a great fortified “ citadel” mound to the west and a larger “lower city” to ...
Jun 25, 2024 · The excavations revealed that Harappa was similar in plan to Mohenjo-daro, with a citadel resting on a raised area on the western flank of the town and a grid-plan layout of workers’ quarters on the eastern flank. The citadel was fortified by a tall mud-brick rampart that had rectangular salients, or bastions, placed at frequent intervals ...
4 days ago · Citadel: The western part, which was smaller but higher, was called the citadel. Lower Town: The eastern part was larger, but the lower part was called the lower town. The walls of the baked brick were built around each part of the city. The bricks were so excellently baked that they survived centuries.
