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Trabzon, historically known as Trebizond, is a city on the Black Sea coast of northeastern Turkey and the capital of Trabzon Province.
Things to Do in Trabzon, Türkiye: See Tripadvisor's 12,797 traveler reviews and photos of Trabzon tourist attractions. Find what to do today, this weekend, or in October. We have reviews of the best places to see in Trabzon. Visit top-rated & must-see attractions.
- Overview
- History
- The contemporary city
Trabzon, city, capital of Trabzon il (province), northeastern Turkey. It lies on a wide bay on the southeastern shore of the Black Sea backed by high ranges of the Pontic Mountains, which separate it from the central Anatolian Plateau. Area province, 1,907 square miles (4,938 square km). Pop. (2000) city, 214,949; province, 975,137; (2013 est.) cit...
Trapezus, one of the most easterly of ancient Greek settlements, was probably founded in 756 bce by colonists from Sinope (modern Sinop). Like many other Black Sea sites, it is associated in legend with the Amazon women warriors. Trabzon is said to be the site on which the army called the Ten Thousand by the writer Xenophon, who was one of its members, reached the sea after its long march that followed defeat in 401 bce.
The city prospered under Roman rule until it was sacked by the Goths after their victory over the emperor Valerian’s forces about 257 ce. As the Byzantine port nearest to Armenia, lying on a critical frontier of the empire, the city was rebuilt and figured prominently in the eastern campaigns of the emperor Justinian I (reigned 527–565). The see of Trapezus was supposedly founded by St. Andrew the Apostle; Eugenius, its patron saint, was martyred under the Roman emperor Diocletian (reigned 284–305). In the 9th century the city was made the capital of a new military province of Chaldia.
Modern Trabzon retains much of its medieval aspect. The heart of the city is on a triangle of tableland between two deep ravines, with remains of an ancient Roman-built harbour at its base. At its southern end stands a ruined citadel. The city centre is enclosed on the east and west by walls that date from Byzantine times. The commercial quarter is centred around a bazaar and park in the eastern part of the city near the old Genoese castle of Leontocastron; east of this lies the harbour.
Historical monuments include most of the city walls, a part of the palace of the Grand Comneni, and several Byzantine churches preserved as mosques. Among the churches the best preserved and most remarkable is the church Aya Sofya (Hagia Sophia), now used as a museum, which overlooks the sea just west of the city centre. The church is a domed basilica with superb 13th-century wall paintings that were revealed and cleaned during 1957–63. One of the finest Ottoman monuments is the mosque and mausoleum of Gülbahar, wife of Sultan Bayezid II (reigned 1481–1512).
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Trabzon is the terminus of the most practicable route over the mountains from Erzurum. For centuries it was on one of the leading trade routes between Europe and Central Asia, and it prospered particularly after the 13th century, when it served as the chief port for Tabriz and western Iran. Its significance declined, however, with the construction of the Ankara-Erzurum railway about 1900 and the development of the southern Iranian port of Khorramshahr. The city’s later revitalization has largely resulted from improvement in its port facilities and communications. Trabzon is the site of the Black Sea Technical University, established in 1963. It is linked by air with Ankara and by steamer service with Istanbul.
Trabzon province is well forested and densely populated. The large variety of crops grown include tobacco, fruits, and hazelnuts. Small deposits of copper, lead, and iron are worked.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
THE 30 BEST Things to Do in Trabzon, Türkiye. Places to Visit in Trabzon. Check out must-see sights and activities: Sumela Monastery, Atatürk Kosku, Nature and Wildlife Tours, Historic Sites. For personalised recommendations, try our AI trip-planning product. Build your trip. Powered by AI. BETA. Explore popular experiences.
- The top attractions to visit in Trabzon are: Atatürk Kosku Sumela Monastery Boztepe Forum Trabzon Altindere Vadisi National Park See all attraction...
- The best outdoor activities in Trabzon according to Tripadvisor travellers are: Zağnos Vadisi Altindere Vadisi National Park Ortahisar Trabzon Meyd...
- The best day trips from Trabzon according to Tripadvisor travellers are: Sumela Monastery, Zigana and Hamsiköy Village Tour Uzungol Tour: Full-Day...
- The most popular things to do in Trabzon with children according to Tripadvisor travellers are:Atatürk KoskuTrabzon Hagia Sophia MuseumBoztepeForum...
- Aya Sofya Camii. Standing in walled gardens amid symphonies of birdsong, 4km west of centre, is this fine 13th-century church-turned-mosque retaining some carved reliefs…
- Kanuni Park. One of Trabzon's most charming corners, this little park falls within the fortress walls of Ortahısar. It is ringed by fine old buildings including a…
- Atatürk Mansion. This three-storey, blindingly white late-19th-century mansion has fine views and lovely formal gardens. Built for a wealthy Greek banking family in the…
- Çarşı Camii. Recently restored with intricate ceiling paintings and back-lit panels in the spired minbar (pulpit), Çarşı Camii was till recently the largest mosque in…
Trabzon Tourism: Tripadvisor has 12,806 reviews of Trabzon Hotels, Attractions, and Restaurants making it your best Trabzon resource.
Aug 26, 2024 · Here is all the Trabzon travel advice that you need. We've got a list of things to do in Trabzon, as well as top Trabzon attractions and tips for where to stay in Trabzon, Türkiye.
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