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  2. What is the Big Bang Theory? The Big Bang Theory is an astrophysical model of the universe that can be observed by human senses. The theory gives details about the origins of the universe from its early formations to its modern-day evolutions.

  3. May 16, 2024 · The Big Bang theory explains the early development of the Universe. According to this theory, the Universe expanded from an extremely small, hot, and dense state called Singularity. Since then, it has expanded and become less dense and cooler.

    • Just Before The Big Bang
    • The First Few Minutes to The Next Thousand Years
    • Earlier Opaque Universe vs Later Transparent Universe
    • Question of Equilibrium: Answer in Inflationary Model
    • Proofs of Big Bang
    • Missions to Study Big Bang
    • The Big Bang Theory in Laymen Language

    No one knows what the universe was like at this time. The best current theory, the “inflationary universe” model assumes that all of space is filled with an extremely concentrated, unstable form of energy that will be transformed into particles of matterat the instant of the Big Bang. But no one knows how space and time came into existence in the f...

    After the initial expansion, the universe cooled sufficiently to allow the formation of subatomic particles, including photons, electrons, protons, and neutrons. Though simple atomic nuclei formed within the first three minutes after the Big Bang, thousands of years passed before the first electrically neutral atomsformed. The majority of atoms tha...

    Photons (light) being elementary particles would have been formed soon after the Big Bang. But these photons would have been scattered by the early electrons. As the Universe continued to cool, it would have eventually reached the temperature where electrons combined with nuclei to form neutral atoms (recombination). Before this “recombination” occ...

    Our investigation shows that the early Universe was too homogeneous. How could pieces of the Universe that had never been in contact with each other have come to equilibrium at the very same temperature? This and other cosmological problems could be solved, however, if there had been a very short period immediately after the Big Bang where the Univ...

    Expanding galaxies:Hubble in 1929, noted that galaxies outside our own Milky Way were all moving away from us, each at a speed proportional to its distance from us. He quickly realized what this me...
    Cosmic Background radiation:Those early photons – the afterglow of the Big Bang known as cosmic background radiation – can be observed today.
    Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE): NASA has launched two missions to study the cosmic background radiation, taking “baby pictures” of the Universe only 400,000 years after it was born. The first of...
    Wilkinson Microware Anisotropy Probe (WMAP): The second mission to examine the cosmic background radiation was the Wilkinson Microware Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). With greatly improved resolution comp...
    Planck:A third mission, Planck, led by the European Space Agency with significant participation from NASA, was launched in 2009.  Planck is making the most accurate maps of the microwave background...

    In the beginning, there was only energy. This energy is converted to small particles (like photons). As there were earlier free electrons too, these earlier photons got scattered by the first electrons. The result: a dark universe! But later, when electrons combined with protons and neutrons (atomic nuclei), atoms were formed. As then there were no...

  4. Nov 14, 2023 · By BYJU'S Exam Prep. Updated on: November 14th, 2023. The Big Bang theory is the comprehensively acknowledged cosmological model illustrating the origins of the perceptible universe. It also describes the stemming evolution at a large scale.

  5. Jun 30, 2023 · The Big Bang Theory is critical concept for the UPSC science and technology section. Both Indian and global scientists are conducting extensive research in this field to determine how the universe began billions of years ago.

  6. Jul 31, 2023 · Detailed notes on the Big Bang Theory for the UPSC exam. Understand the cosmological model explaining the universe's existence, its expansion, and evolution. Ideal for the science and technology segment of the UPSC.