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Aug 11, 2023 · Electron affinity is the amount of energy change (ΔE) that occurs when an electron is added in the outermost shell of an isolated gaseous atom. In other words, when the electron is added to a neutral atom, the energy is either released or absorbed.
The energy released when an electron is added to a neutral atom to produce a negatively charged ion is called electron affinity. Only a few chemical elements, mostly halogens, have measured electron affinities.
Why do halogens have high electron affinity? The halogens’ high electron affinities are due to their small size, high effective nuclear charge and an almost full outer shell of electrons. When an electron is added to halogens with very high electron affinity, high energy is released
The electron affinity ( Eea) of an atom or molecule is defined as the amount of energy release when an electron attaches to a neutral atom or molecule in the gaseous state to form an anion. X (g) + e − → X − (g) + energy. This differs by sign from the energy change of electron capture ionization. [1] .
Jan 30, 2023 · Electron affinity is defined as the change in energy (in kJ/mole) of a neutral atom (in the gaseous phase) when an electron is added to the atom to form a negative ion. In other words, the neutral atom's likelihood of gaining an electron.
Chlorine has the highest electron affinity among the elements. Its high affinity can be attributed to its large atomic radius, or size. Because chlorine’s outermost orbital is 3p, its electrons have a large amount of space to share with an incoming electron.
Aug 31, 2022 · The element with the highest electron affinity is chlorine, with a value of 349 kJ/mole. Chlorine gains a stable octet when it captures an electron. The reason why chlorine has a higher electron affinity than fluorine is because the fluorine atom is smaller.
In general, elements with the most negative electron affinities (the highest affinity for an added electron) are those with the smallest size and highest ionization energies and are located in the upper right corner of the periodic table.
Electron affinity is the energy change that results from adding an electron to a gaseous atom. For example, when a fluorine atom in the gaseous state gains an electron to form F⁻(g), the associated energy change is -328 kJ/mol. Because this value is negative (energy is released), we say that the electron affinity of fluorine is favorable.
In general, elements with the most negative electron affinities (the highest affinity for an added electron) are those with the smallest size and highest ionization energies and are located in the upper right corner of the periodic table.
