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Apr 6, 2020 · There is an increased interest in renewable carbon as a source of materials, where lignin is expected to play a prominent role. This stems, partially, from new regulations aiming to achieve a cleaner and safer environment.
- Monika Österberg, Mika H. Sipponen, Mika H. Sipponen, Bruno D. Mattos, Orlando J. Rojas, Orlando J. ...
- 2020
- Introduction
- Importance of Particle Morphology on Performance
- Processes to Produce Spherical Lignin Particles
- Applications
- Conclusions and Prospects
- Acknowledgements
There are two main drivers in the application of lignin particles. One is the need to valorize lignin as an industrial stream. The second one is to replace synthetic particles with a biobased alternative. Some of the possibilities for lignin particles involve large volume applications, like adhesives, composites and emulsion stabilizers, i.e. appli...
Two morphological considerations are implicit in this review, namely, shape and surface topology. Contrary to the irregular crude lignin that is typically available from a variety of sources, as a dried powder of particles with irregular size and shape, we here focus on recent developments to produce regular spherical lignin particles with uniform ...
Dry particles
Ago et al.38introduced the use of an aerosol flow reactor for the production of dried lignin particles, in a wide range of size fractions and from different sources. They showed that spherical particles could be produced from a broad variety of lignin types, like alkali, kraft or organosolv lignins, provided that a suitable solvent is used. Unless the lignin stream is already sourced as a solution, the process involves dissolution followed by atomization of the solution into droplets, which a...
Wet particles
The morphology and colloidal stability of the lignin particles also depend on the type of lignin raw material, properties of solvent, and process parameters, such as the rate of addition of the non-solvent, or if the lignin solution is added to the water, the end-point solvent concentration, and pH. The molecules associate via non-covalent interactions including hydrogen bonding, and pi-stacking as well as hydrophobic interactions and others. Some papers discuss pi–pi interactions as the main...
Dispersants
Biomolecules, especially lignin, have a powerful dispersive capacity. Within its complex molecular structure, lignin possesses both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties that results in an amphiphilic character that can be engineered based, mostly, on the plant source and extraction process. Lignosulfonates (LS) are successful examples of lignin derivatives used as dispersants mostly in cement,75 but also in other minerals,76 coal,77 pesticides and dyes.78 The addition of low loadings of LS in...
Emulsions and colloids for sunscreens
Recent investigations have specifically focused on the development of light-colored lignin-based sunscreens.112 One way to control the whiteness is to use lignin isolated under mild thermochemical conditions.112 Another approach assessed recently is to fractionate lignin based on solubility in organic solvents, and acetylation of the fractions.113 Compared to these solvent-intensive processes, morphology control through particle size and shape modifications seems more environmentally benign....
Coatings and paints
Biocompatible and biodegradable coating materials are gaining importance in response to increasing consumer awareness to sustainable materials that help tackle environmental pollution. Particulate coatings have in general some intrinsic benefits over solution coatings, such as the ability to achieve water-resistant and breathable coating layer that is important in e.g. technical textile applications.138The possibility to apply particulate coating from aqueous dispersion of spherical lignin pa...
In many of the applications the lignin particle production method does not matter, both dry and wet particles work well. However, to minimize the consumption of solvents and energy it would be beneficial to assess what type of particles would be more beneficial. In applications that require large volumes of particles the production process needs to...
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- 2020
Dec 7, 2020 · Where previously specific applications required high-purity and/or functionalized lignins with narrow molecular weight distributions, simple green processes for upgrading crude biorefinery lignin are suggested here as an alternative. These approaches can be easily combined with lignin micro-/nanoparticles (LMNP) production.
- Mikhail Yu. Balakshin, Ewellyn A. Capanema, Irina Sulaeva, Philipp Schlee, Zeen Huang, Martin Feng, ...
- 103
- 2021
- 07 December 2020
Feb 28, 2022 · Rojas aims to drive down the cost of producing green hydrogen to $1 per kilogram, equal to the current cost of producing brown hydrogen. Green hydrogen costs more than $3 per kilogram, but Rojas estimates that a combination of falling electricity costs and the development of cheaper electrolyzers can drive that down.
2 days ago · The Imagen Foundation announced today the nominations for the 39th annual Imagen Awards. This year’s awards recognize an array of Latino talent with ground-breaking performances, storytelling, and powerful diverse programs. The award ceremony will take place on Sunday, September 8 at LA Plaza de Cultura y Artes in Los Angeles.
2,905 likes, 44 comments - rosiannahalserojas on April 27, 2024: "A Rojas Green Production. More tomorrow but my main feeling is *lindsay lohan voice* we actually did it!!! #turtlesallthewaydown @stream...".
Jan 2, 2024 · Hydrogen is a prime candidate, with colors such as gray, blue and green production methods receiving attention. Generally missing from this discourse, however, is a quantitative comparison on the cost, scale, carbon footprint and infrastructure requirements for each of these technologies.
