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  1. 4 days ago · The 1492 papal conclave was the first to be held in the Sistine Chapel, the site of all conclaves since 1878. A papal conclave is a gathering of the College of Cardinals convened to elect a bishop of Rome, also known as the pope. Catholics consider the pope to be the apostolic successor of Saint Peter and the earthly head of the Catholic Church ...

  2. 3 days ago · In 1143 Pope Celestine II ordered the Knights Hospitaller to take over management of a German hospital in Jerusalem, which, according to the chronicler Jean d'Ypres, accommodated the countless German pilgrims and crusaders who could neither speak the local language nor Latin (patriæ linguam ignorantibus atque Latinam).

  3. 4 days ago · This is connected with Celestine II (1143-1144), who was born in Citta di Castello (City of the Castle), which is on the banks of the Tiber river. Frigidus abbas (“Cold Abbot”). This is connected with Benedict XII (1334-1342), who had been the abbot of a monastery at Fontfroide (“Cold Spring”). De parvo homine (“From a small man”).

  4. 4 days ago · Nicknamed the Warrior Pope, Battle Pope or the Fearsome Pope, he chose his papal name not in honour of Pope Julius I but in emulation of Julius Caesar. One of the most powerful and influential popes, Julius II was a central figure of the High Renaissance and left a significant cultural and political legacy. [2]

  5. 1 day ago · Popes and antipopes 1. 1 Antipopes are in italics. Until the 4th century the popes were usually known only as bishops of Rome. 2 The higher number is used if Felix (II), who reigned from 355 to 358 and is ordinarily classed as an antipope, is counted as a pope. 3 Though elected on March 23, 752, Stephen (II) died two days later, before he could ...

    • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
  6. Jun 22, 2024 · Pope Celestine declared for Tancred and recognized him as king. In Germany much of the Rhineland joined Richard the Lion-Heart and Celestine against Henry. But the capture of Richard on his return from the Crusade strengthened the emperor’s hand; Henry demanded an enormous ransom and conspired with King Philip II of France to keep Richard a ...

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  8. Jun 18, 2024 · Pope Leo XIII opened the doors of the Vatican Secret Archives in 1881 ... Vatican II and the viri ... in the fifth century Pope Celestine I decreed that no bishop could be given to a local Church ...