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No longer vital for defense, the Fort Brown earthworks were abandoned. The Fort Brown name survived. The war between the United States and Mexico resulted in the establishment of the Rio Grande as the boundary for the two nations, and a new, expanded Fort Brown sprang up several hundred yards away from the original.
Fort Brown (originally Fort Texas) was a military post of the United States Army in Cameron County, Texas, during the latter half of the 19th century and the early part of the 20th century. Established in 1846, it was the first US Army military outpost of the recently annexed state.
Although Fort Brown remained an active post until after World War II, the original earthworks were abandoned shortly after the war with Mexico. After a century of gradual erosion, the fort took a direct hit in the 1950s.
The site that became known as Fort Brown was constructed in April 1846 by General Zachary Taylor and his U.S. Army of Occupation. The fort was intended to bolster U.S. assertions that the Rio Grande was the southern boundary of the United States, but its presence only heighted tensions with Mexico.
Jan 1, 1995 · The post was abandoned by United States troops in March 1861 and occupied by troops of the state of Texas. Fort Brown was garrisoned by a small force of Confederates until November 1863. On the approach of Union forces, the Confederates retreated and burned all stored cotton and the fort buildings.
Fort Texas, with its six bastions, was abandoned and left as a memorial to Major Jacob Brown, the first officer to die in battle in the war, and the namesake of the new city and fort.
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In July 1864 the Union once again abandoned the post, leaving Fort Brown in southern hands for the duration of the conflict. After May 1865, Fort Brown was re-occupied by the U.S. Army, including U.S. Colored Troops, and became the Rio Grande district headquarters, resuming its role as a guardian of the border.
