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- An industry – or sector – is the whole of all economic activities by companies, people, and organizations involved in the production of goods and services for a particular field. Industries are usually categorized by the goods and services they produce.
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Find out the major, top and growing industries in India across various sectors, such as services, steel, telecommunications, roads, science and technology, and more. Learn about the growth rate, investment, trends and case studies of each industry.
- Science and Technology
According to Commerce and Industry Minister, Mr. Piyush...
- Renewable Energy
According to the data released by the Department for...
- Financial Services
Another crucial component of India’s financial industry is...
- Infrastructure
*India has to enhance its infrastructure to reach its 2025...
- Ports
The Indian ports and shipping industry play a vital role in...
- Telecommunications
A major force behind meeting the telecom industry's present...
- Media and Entertainment
The industry is well known for its extremely high volumes...
- Pharmaceuticals
The Indian pharmaceutical industry has seen a massive...
- Science and Technology
- Overview
- Primary industry
- Secondary industry
- Tertiary industry
- Quaternary industry
Written and fact-checked byThe Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.
Table of Contents
•Introduction
•Primary industry
This sector of a nation’s economy includes agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, quarrying, and the extraction of minerals. It may be divided into two categories: genetic industry, including the production of raw materials that may be increased by human intervention in the production process; and extractive industry, including the production of exhaustible raw materials that cannot be augmented through cultivation.
The genetic industries include agriculture, forestry, and livestock management and fishing—all of which are subject to scientific and technological improvement of renewable resources. The extractive industries include the mining of mineral ores, the quarrying of stone, and the extraction of mineral fuels.
This sector, also called manufacturing industry, (1) takes the raw materials supplied by primary industries and processes them into consumer goods, or (2) further processes goods that other secondary industries have transformed into products, or (3) builds capital goods used to manufacture consumer and nonconsumer goods. Secondary industry also includes energy-producing industries (e.g., hydroelectric industries) as well as the construction industry.
Secondary industry may be divided into heavy, or large-scale, and light, or small-scale, industry. Large-scale industry generally requires heavy capital investment in plants and machinery, serves a large and diverse market including other manufacturing industries, has a complex industrial organization and frequently a skilled specialized labour force, and generates a large volume of output. Examples would include petroleum refining, steel and iron manufacturing (see metalwork), motor vehicle and heavy machinery manufacture, cement production, nonferrous metal refining, meat-packing, and hydroelectric power generation.
Molten steel being poured into a ladle from an electric arc furnace, 1940s.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (Digital File Number: LC-DIG-fsac-1a35062)
This broad sector, also called the service industry, includes industries that, while producing no tangible goods, provide services or intangible gains or generate wealth. This sector generally includes both private and government enterprises.
The industries of this sector include, among others, banking, finance, insurance, investment, and real estate services; wholesale, retail, and resale trade; transportation; professional, consulting, legal, and personal services; tourism, hotels, restaurants, and entertainment; repair and maintenance services; and health, social welfare, administrative, police, security, and defense services.
An extension of tertiary industry that is often recognized as its own sector, quaternary industry, is concerned with information-based or knowledge-oriented products and services. Like the tertiary sector, it comprises a mixture of private and government endeavours. Industries and activities in this sector include information systems and informatio...
Feb 25, 2020 · China accounted for 28.7 percent of global manufacturing output in 2019, more than double the share of the United States. See the chart and data on the top 10 countries by manufacturing output and their share of GDP.
Learn what an industry is and how it is categorized by different criteria, such as capital intensity, location, durability and production type. See examples of industries and how they interact with each other.
Learn about the definition, classification, and examples of industries, the economic activities that produce goods, services, or extract minerals. Explore the major industries in India, such as iron and steel, textile, and information technology.
Jul 15, 2024 · Learn what an industry is, how it differs from a sector and explore 19 examples of industries with various career options. Find out how to communicate effectively, stay ahead of trends and monitor competing businesses in each industry.
Learn about the history, structure, and trends of the global semiconductor industry, which designs and fabricates transistors and integrated circuits. Find out the leading companies, markets, and challenges of the industry, as well as its impact on the electronics value chain.
