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Grímsvötn and Bárðarbunga
- An ice cap is a mass of glacial ice that covers less than 50,000 km 2 (19,000 sq mi) of land area covering a highland area and they feed outlet glaciers. : 52 Many Icelandic ice caps and glaciers lie above volcanoes, such as Grímsvötn and Bárðarbunga, which lie under the largest ice cap, Vatnajökull.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_glaciers_in_Iceland
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An ice cap is a mass of glacial ice that covers less than 50,000 km 2 (19,000 sq mi) of land area covering a highland area and they feed outlet glaciers.: 52 Many Icelandic ice caps and glaciers lie above volcanoes, such as Grímsvötn and Bárðarbunga, which lie under the largest ice cap, Vatnajökull.
Eyjafjallajökull lies 25 km (15 + 1 ⁄ 2 mi) west of another subglacial volcano, Katla, under the Mýrdalsjökull ice cap, which is much more active and known for its powerful subglacial eruptions and its large magma chamber.
Volcanoes. Under the ice cap, as under many of the glaciers of Iceland, there are several volcanoes. Eruptions from these volcanoes have led to the development of large pockets of water beneath the ice, which may burst the weakened ice and cause a jökulhlaup (glacial lake outburst flood).
The interaction between volcanoes and the rifts that underlie the Vatnajökull ice cap takes many forms, the most spectacular of which is the jökulhlaup – a sudden flood caused by the breach of the margin of a glacier during an eruption.
Jan 19, 2011 · Bardarbunga is a part of a long fissure system that runs along the west side of Vatnajökull - in fact, it extends 100 km to the S and 50 km to the N of the glacier - and lies close to where the Mid-Atlantic Ridge comes on land in Iceland.
It is a surge-type Piedmont glacier in Hofsjökull’s ice cap that drains a portion of the volcano’s ice-filled crater. It lies on the largest central volcano in Iceland, in which the accumulation zone is about 7 kilometers wide.
Mar 5, 2019 · 6 min read. Fire below, ice above: volcanoes, glaciers and sea level rise. Over tens of millions of years, Greenland moved north toward the Arctic, passing over a hot spot called a mantle plume that left a scar still detectable today. Later, the hot spot created Iceland. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Dan Gallagher/Ernie Wright. By Pat Brennan,
