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Jharkhand ("The land of forest") is a State in eastern India, created on 15 November 2000, from what was previously the southern half of Bihar.The State shares its border with the States of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Chhattisgarh to the west, Odisha to the south and West Bengal to the east.
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The Government of Jharkhand also known as the State Government of Jharkhand, or locally as State Government, is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Jharkhand and its 24 districts. It consists of an executive, led by the Governor of Jharkhand, a judiciary and a legislative branch.
The constitutional head of the government of Jharkhand is the governor, who is appointed by the President of India. The real executive power rests with the chief minister and the cabinet. The political party or the coalition of political parties having a majority in the Legislative Assembly forms the government.
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Like that of most other Indian states, the structure of Jharkhand’s government is determined by the national constitution of 1950. Appointed by the president of India, the governor is the head of the state and functions on the advice of the chief minister, who is the head of the Council of Ministers. Jharkhand is one of the few Indian states that has a bicameral legislature; the upper house is the Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad), and the lower house is the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha).
The state is divided into a number of districts, each of which is governed by a deputy commissioner who also functions as the district magistrate and collector. Districts are split further into subdivisions, each administered by a subdivisional officer. The police administration is headed by an inspector general, assisted by a superintendent at the district level.
Like that of most other Indian states, the structure of Jharkhand’s government is determined by the national constitution of 1950. Appointed by the president of India, the governor is the head of the state and functions on the advice of the chief minister, who is the head of the Council of Ministers. Jharkhand is one of the few Indian states that has a bicameral legislature; the upper house is the Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad), and the lower house is the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha).
The state is divided into a number of districts, each of which is governed by a deputy commissioner who also functions as the district magistrate and collector. Districts are split further into subdivisions, each administered by a subdivisional officer. The police administration is headed by an inspector general, assisted by a superintendent at the district level.
Although Jharkhand has more than 500 medical centres, medical facilities, though improving, have remained inadequate outside the towns. Villages are served mainly by allopathic (Western) and Ayurvedic (ancient Indian) medical dispensaries. Unani (traditional Muslim) and homeopathic systems of medicine also are available. Large and well-equipped hospitals are located at Jamshedpur, Ranchi, and Dhanbad. Specialized facilities for the treatment of tuberculosis, mental illness, and leprosy are located near Ranchi; there is a cancer hospital in Jamshedpur.
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Respiratory diseases, dysentery, and diarrhea are among the leading causes of death. Cholera and malaria seldom occur.
Education has been a primary focus of Jharkhand’s development initiatives. The literacy rate has been rising rapidly, having climbed more than 10 percent in the 1990s to surpass 50 percent by the start of the 21st century. Aside from thousands of primary and secondary schools scattered throughout the state, Jharkhand has several universities, the m...
Many of the villages of the various tribal peoples share some common characteristics. Most settlements have a community dance floor that springs to life during festive times. Among the most widely recognized of Jharkhand’s dances is chhau, an elaborate masked dance of the southeastern region, particularly the Saraikela and East Singhbhum districts. Although once a village tradition associated with Chaitra Parva, a festival held every April in honour of the god Shiva, chhau eventually received royal patronage and then state sponsorship; it has since become a virtual emblem of the region. Other tribal celebrations that provide occasions for music and dancing include the festival of flowers known as Sarhul (or Baha), a cattle festival called Sohrai, and a postharvest festival called Mage Parab.
In addition to the dance floor, most tribal villages have a sacred grove (sarna), where worship is offered by a village priest, and a bachelors’ dormitory (dhumkuria). The haat, or weekly market, plays an important role in the village economy.
There also are numerous annual Hindu celebrations in Jharkhand that span tribal and nontribal areas. Holi is a colourful fertility festival held in February or March. Chhatt is a tribute to the Sun, usually held in October or November.
Jharkhand does not abound in literary arts. However, some peoples—and languages—are known for their extensive repertoire of oral traditional narratives. Bhojpuri and Magadhi are among the languages that carry a wealth of such oral tradition.
Prior to the arrival of the British in Chota Nagpur, the area was ruled by chiefs of various indigenous groups. The area came under the British in 1765 as part of Bihar. As the British gradually expanded their authority over the plains to the north of present-day Jharkhand during the second half of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th, revolts against them occasionally erupted in Chota Nagpur. The most important of these uprisings were the Ho revolt (1820–27) and the Munda uprising (1831–32).
From the period of British expansion until the turn of the 21st century, the history of Jharkhand overlapped with the history of Bihar. On Nov. 15, 2000, after decades of growing discontent, especially on the part of the indigenous peoples, Chota Nagpur was separated from Bihar to become Jharkhand, the 28th state of India. Allen G. Noble
It has been developed with an objective to enable a single window access to information and services being provided by the various State Government entities.
2 days ago · Jharkhand, state of India, located in the northeastern part of the country. Its capital is Ranchi. Jharkhand, one of India’s newest states, was carved out of the southern portion of Bihar in 2000.
Jan 31, 2024 · Mineral-rich Jharkhand is a state of mines. It is also a political minefield. The state has seen 12 chief ministers and three periods of President's rule in its 23-year history.
