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- After restoring his control over Azerbaijan, he marched on Syria; Aleppo was stormed and sacked, the Mamlūk army defeated, and Damascus occupied (1401), the deportation of its artisans to Samarkand being a fatal blow to its prosperity.
www.britannica.com/biography/Timur
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Timur captured and destroyed Erevan in the end this disaster resulted in 500 people were killed .In 1394, he again captured eastern provinces which were taken by Georgians during Tokhtamysh–Timur wars.
Timur succeeded in establishing a vast empire which included Transoxiana, a part of Turkistan, Afghanistan, Persia, Syria, Qurdistan, Baghdad, Georgia and the major part of Asia Minor. He successfully looted southern Russia and several parts of India. Delhi was perhaps the worst sufferer.
Apr 11, 2024 · In the intervals, he was engaged with Tokhtamysh, then khan of the Golden Horde, whose forces invaded Azerbaijan in 1385 and Transoxania in 1388, defeating Timur’s generals. In 1391 Timur pursued Tokhtamysh into the Russian steppes and defeated and dethroned him; but Tokhtamysh raised a new army and invaded the Caucasus in 1395.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Timur was the last Central Asian conqueror to achieve great military successes as a leader of nomad warrior lords, ruling both agricultural and pas...
- Timur was a member of the Turkicized Barlas tribe, a Mongol subgroup that had settled in Transoxania (now roughly corresponding to Uzbekistan) afte...
- Timur led a small nomad band and, by guile and force of arms, established dominion over Transoxania by the 1360s. About 1370 Timur proclaimed himse...
- Timur spent his life leading a nearly constant military campaign. The nomadic tactics of mobility and surprise were his major weapons of attack. He...
- Under Timur and his successors, Samarkand became a centre of scholarship and science. His mausoleum there, the Gūr-e Amīr, is one of the gems of Is...
In May 1393, Timur's army invaded the Anjudan, crippling the Ismaili village only a year after his assault on the Ismailis in Mazandaran. The village was prepared for the attack, evidenced by its fortress and system of tunnels. Undeterred, Timur's soldiers flooded the tunnels by cutting into a channel overhead.
Prior to attacking Syrian cities, Timur had initially sent an ambassador to Damascus who was executed by the city's Mamluk viceroy, Sudun. In 1400, he started a war with the Mamluk sultan of Egypt Nasir-ad-Din Faraj and invaded Mamluk Syria. Timur's forces took Aleppo in November 1400.
After Timur's depredations, the Eastern Churches were destroyed apart from mountainous areas of Syria and Iraq. Many argue that the real causes of the collapse of the Nestorian Churches, especially in Central Asia, were because of the Black Death.
In 1398–99 Timur invaded northern India and sacked Delhi, and between 1399 and 1402 he turned westward again to harry the Egyptian Mamluks in Syria and the Ottoman sultan Bayezid I, whom he captured in battle near Ankara. At the time of his death at Otrar on the Syr Darya in 1405, Timur was leading his forces on an invasion of China.
