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Jun 18, 2024 · Learn what is OSI model, a 7-layer framework for network communication developed by ISO in 1984. Understand the functions and examples of each layer, from physical to application, and how they work together to transmit data.
- 38 min
- Physical layer. The main functionality of the physical layer is to transmit the individual bits from one node to another node. It is the lowest layer of the OSI model.
- Data-Link Layer. This layer is responsible for the error-free transfer of data frames. It defines the format of the data on the network. It provides a reliable and efficient communication between two or more devices.
- Network Layer. It is a layer 3 that manages device addressing, tracks the location of devices on the network. It determines the best path to move data from source to the destination based on the network conditions, the priority of service, and other factors.
- Transport Layer. The Transport layer is a Layer 4 ensures that messages are transmitted in the order in which they are sent and there is no duplication of data.
OSI had two major components: an abstract model of networking, called the Basic Reference Model or seven-layer model, and a set of specific protocols. The OSI reference model was a major advance in the standardisation of network concepts.
- Layer 1 is the physical layer. There’s a lot of technology in Layer 1 - everything from physical network devices, cabling, to how the cables hook up to the devices.
- Layer 2 is the data link layer. Layer 2 defines how data is formatted for transmission, how much data can flow between nodes, for how long, and what to do when errors are detected in this flow.
- Layer 3 is the network layer. This is where we send information between and across networks through the use of routers. Instead of just node-to-node communication, we can now do network-to-network communication.
- Layer 4 is the transport layer. This where we dive into the nitty gritty specifics of the connection between two nodes and how information is transmitted between them.
The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model—also called the OSI reference model—is a conceptual model that divides network communication and interoperability into seven abstract layers. It provides a standardized model that enables different applications, computer systems and networks to communicate.
Engineers can use the OSI model to organize and model complex networked system architectures. They can separate the operating layer of each system component according to its main functionality. The ability to decompose a system into smaller, manageable parts via abstraction makes it easier for people to conceptualize it as a whole.
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Pros and cons of the OSI model. The OSI model has a number of advantages, including the following: It's considered a standard model in computer networking. The model supports connectionless, as well as connection-oriented, services. Users can take advantage of connectionless services when they need faster data transmissions over the internet ...
