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Möngke Khan (Mongolian: Мөнх хаан), born Möngke, (January 10, 1209 – August 11, 1259 ), was the fourth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire from July 1, 1251 – August 11, 1259. He was the first Great Khan from the Toluid line, and made significant reforms to improve the administration of the Empire during his reign.
Möngke Khan (Mongools: Мөнх хаан, Chinees: 蒙哥汗; 10 Januarie 1209 – 11 Augustus 1259) was die vierde Groot Khan van die Mongoolse Ryk, van 1 Julie 1251 tot 11 Augustus 1259. Hy was die eerste Groot Khan van die Toloei-lyn en het groot hervormings teweeggebring om die ryk se administrasie te verbeter.
Definition. Mongke Khan was ruler of the Mongol Empire (1206-1368 CE) from 1251 to 1259 CE. As the third Great Khan or 'universal ruler' of the Mongols, Mongke would oversee administrative reforms that continued to centralise government and ensure he had at his disposal the resources to successfully expand the empire further into China in the east and as far as Syria in the west.
Möngke (Mongolian: ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡ Möngke / Мөнх Mönkh; Chinese: 蒙哥; pinyin: Ménggē; 11 January 1209 – 11 August 1259) was the fourth khagan-emperor of the Mongol Empire, ruling from 1 July 1251, to 11 August 1259. He was the first Khagan from the Toluid line, and made significant reforms to improve the administration of the Empire during his reign. Under Möngke, the Mongols conquered Iraq and Syria as well as the kingdom of Dali (modern-day Yunnan).
Coinage of Töde Möngke (Mengu). AH 679-687 AD 1280-1287 Qrim (Crimea) mint. Tuda Mengu, also known as Tode Mongke and Tudamongke (Mongolian: Тодмөнх, romanized: Todmönkh or Tudamönkh, lit. 'Eternal Brightness'; died 1287), was the khan of the Golden Horde, a division of the Mongol Empire, from 1280 until his death in 1287.
Another nephew of Ögedei’s (and so a third grandson of Genghis Khan’s), Möngke, then took the throne in 1251 with Batu’s approval. In 1255, well into Möngke’s reign, Batu had repaired his relationship with the Great Khan and so finally felt secure enough to prepare invasions westward into Europe.
Möngke Khan died in 1259 with no declared successor, precipitating infighting between members of the Tolui family line for the title of Great Khan that escalated to a civil war. The Toluid Civil War, and the wars that followed it (such as the Berke–Hulagu war and the Kaidu–Kublai war ), weakened the authority of the Great Khan over the Mongol Empire and split the empire into autonomous khanates.
